Machine learning can be applied to many fields as land cover classification from remote sensing imagery. The performance and accuracy of classification will depend on the number of raster bands, the image resolution, the land cover type and the algorithm used. This tutorial will perform an applied case of land cover classification from a panchromatic image in Python using the Naives Bayes algorithm implemented on the Scikit Learn package. The classification will cover four categories as: rivers, river beaches, woods and pastures; coding is performed under a Jupyter Notebook with Python runnin ..read more

An example that demonstrates the Phreeqc and Aquifer App capabilities to model ion exchange. This example uses the cation ion exchange approach where only the EXCHANGE keyword is used because EXCHANGE_MASTER_SPECIES and EXCHANGE_SPECIES are included in phreeqc.dat database. The model output is parsed as charts and tables and the solution composition and description are calculated and compared before and after the exchange. Tutorial Input data Phreeqc input file TITLE Groundwater SOLUTION 1 units mmol/L pH 7 Alkalinity 12.5 as HCO3- S 158.5 as SO4 Na 80 Mg ..read more

Generating 3D visualizations of groundwater models is essential to analyze the flow regime, perform quality checks and see the interaction of the groundwater body with external factors / boundary conditions. The Flopy library has tools to export the parameters, boundary conditions and results that we have modified and compiled within a Python class. The use of this class allows the generation of Vtk files on a friendly way and in few steps. The tutorial also includes a representation of the parameters generated in ParaView. We have another Python class for Modflow 6 model available on this li ..read more

This is an example of calcite dissolution with kinetics where a simplified rate and initial molality are defined. The tutorial covers creation of an input file for Phreeqc, database selection, Phreeqc simulation in Aquifer App and analysis of processed output data on a Jupyter notebook. Finally the molality of Calcium and pH are plotted with time. Tutorial Phreeqc input file TITLE Kinetic dissolution of calcite SOLUTION 1 temp 10 pH 6 C 1 EQUILIBRIUM_PHASES 1 CO2(g) -1.5 KINETICS 1 Calcit2 formula CaCO3 -m0 1 -steps 30000 in 20 steps RATES Calci ..read more

This is a tutorial of geochemical modeling in Phreeqc and Aquifer App that uses the REACTION keyword for the simulation of irreversible reactions that transfer a certain amount of elements to or from the solution. The selected example deals with the reaction of rainwater with NaCl and Calcite over 4 steps. Phreeqc simulation and model output analysis are performed on the Aquifer App that has great tools for the model setup and the analysis through interactive menus, tables and charts. Tutorial Input data TITLE Reaction of rain water with NaCl and Calcite SOLUTION 1 units mg/L pH ..read more

Simple tutorial that demonstrates the geochemical simulation of surface water and groundwater, and the mixing of both in predetermined proportions. The tutorial shows the creation of an input file (*.in) for Phreeqc, which is then input into Aquifer App to obtain results for both solutions and for the mixture. The modeling and analysis process in Aquifer App are extremely straightforward since the tables and graphs are generated, allowing for quick comparison of data between simulations. Aquifer App link: aquifer.hatarilabs.com Tutorial Input files This is the Phreeqc input file: TITLE Su ..read more

This tutorial cover all the steps to build and run a geochemical model of a water sample in equilibrium with Fluorite and Gypsum. The tutorial explains the parameters to setup a mineral together with and analysis of the element concentrations, the amount of dissolved phases and the final saturation indices. Tutorial Input file TITLE Equilibrium of a water sample with minerals SOLUTION 1 units ppm Ca 10 F 5.5 EQUILIBRIUM_PHASES 1 Fluorite 0 0 Gypsum END ..read more

Automatic calibration of groundwater models is a challenging task due to the complexity of the codes, parameters and workflow involved. Calibration of transient state models is even more complex due to changes in sensibility on the different stages of the aquifer requirement such as pumping and recovery.  Python has awesome packages for machine learning that can be coupled to groundwater models and perform automatic calibration of hydraulic parameters. This tutorial covers the procedure to implement a neural network based on a set of parameters set with corresponding head values; the stu ..read more

We did this tutorial since the documentation or examples on the topic were not available. Flopy can export the model grid and model attributes to shapefile with a coordinate system of reference for the three types of discretizations of MODFLOW 6. We have done an applied example to export the grid of a discretized by vertices model (DISV) to the ESRI Shapefile model. The tutorial also show options for the final grid representation in geopandas. The reference model used for this tutorial can be found in this link: MODFLOW 6 and MODPATH7 used to simulate regional groundwater flow and advective t ..read more

No more installations, no more database link up, no more raw text data as model output. Aquifer App now can run Phreeqc with great tools for the geochemical model setup, database selection and tables / graphics for the different simulation components. This applied example calculates the distribution of aqueous species in seawater and the saturation state of seawater relative to a set of minerals and is based on the Example 1 of the USGS Phreeqc example documentation. Tutorial Input data TITLE Example 1b.--Speciate seawater. SOLUTION 1 SEAWATER FROM NORDSTROM AND OTHERS (1979) units ..read more