Router: Router is an internetworking device and used to connect two and more different network. Router works on network layer (Layer 3) in OSI model. Router forwards data packets between computer networks. Router decide best and easy route for forwarding the data packets. A data packet be forwarding from one router to another router through the networks and makes an internetwork, until they reached destination. Router reads only data packets because router works on Network Layer, Network Layer receives data in the form of packets. Router have own Operating System that allows the router to m ..read more

Layer 4 Switches: Layer 4 of the OSI Model coordinates communications between systems. Layer 4 (The Transport Layer) switches are capable of identifying which application protocols (HTTP, SNTP, FTP, and so forth) are included with each packet, and they use this information to hand off the packet to the appropriate higher-layer software. Layer 4 switches make packet-forwarding decisions based not only on the MAC address and IP address, but also on the application to which a packet belongs. Because Layer 4 devices enable you to establish priorities for network traffic based on application, yo ..read more

Layer 3 switch: Layer 3 switch also known as multilayer switches and it works on Network Layer in OSI Model. These switches act as a router because it has making routing decision. Layer 3 switch require advanced technology and they are expensive. Layer 3 switches use in large LAN networks. These switches totally based on IP address and stored in the header of IP datagram. Routers use microprocessors to make forwarding decision in software but switch performs only hardware-based packet switching. Advantages of layer 3 Switches: Layer 3 Switches act as a router because it has IP routing table ..read more

Network switch: Networking Switch that’s connects network segments or network devices. Network Switches also called Switching Hub and Switching Bridge and Mac Bridge. The first Network Switch was introduced by Kalpana in 1990. Switch works on Data Link Layer (Layer 2) in OSI model. But some advanced switches work on Physical Layer (layer 3). That switches called multilayer switches. Switches receives a data from any device connect to it and then transmits the data only to that device for which the data was. Switch receive data on own port in the form of frame and transmit this data. Switc ..read more

HUB:- An HUB is networking device and we can say network hardware. HUB is used to connecting multiple computer or devices together. HUB has provides multiple input and output ports. HUB is also called Network Hub, Ethernet Hub, Active hub and Repeaters. HUB works on physical layer in OSI model. HUB connected devices share same amount of bandwidth and same collision domain. More nodes leads to transmit or slow performance. HUB no need to configuration. HUBs are available into minimum four ports and up to 24 ports. Types of HUB:- Passive Hub Active Hub Intelligent Hub Passive Hub:- Pas ..read more

Network:- A network is a collection of computers, printers, routers, switches, and other devices that are able to communicate with each other over some transmission media.  Types of Networks:- There are mainly four types of networks: LAN (Local Area Network) PAN (Personal Area Network) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) WAN (Wide Area Network) LAN (Local Area Network):- A LAN is a group of computers and network communication devices within a limited geographic area, such as an office building. No third party involvement here. They are characterized by the following: •      High dat ..read more