Headaches need a good history in children - just like in adults! Unlike in adults, a head circumference is really important. If the headache is in a <5 year old refer to paeds. Headache in children . #meded #foamed #foamped #pediatrics pic.twitter.com/7AOf3GPaCM — Manual Of Medicine (@ManualOMedicine) July 6, 2018 Brain Tumour Headache for more than 2 weeks with any other symptoms should get imaged - preferably with an MRI, but if not available a contrast CT. Meningitis Similar to in adults. Bacterial meningitis is an infection of the surface of the brain (meninges) by bacteria that ha ..read more

As far as I can tell, GI bleeding seems to be similar to in adults. There might be an intussusception. There might be an anal fissure (common). They might need an IO for access. Other References https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1955984-overview https://www.rcemlearning.co.uk/modules/in-a-bit-of-a-jam/ https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-upper-gastrointestinal-bleeding-in-children https://www.rcemlearning.co.uk/modules/tired-purple-legs ..read more

Otitis Media Any upper respiratory tract infection (often bacterial - strep) but may be viral can cause inflammation of the respiratory mucosa, with obstruction of the eustacian tube isthmus, with results in accumulation of middle ear secretions. This causes negative pressure which pulls viruses and bacteria into the middle ear. This increases the pressure causing otalgia and a bulging TM - the most obvious sign. 75 - 80% resolve by 72 hours - most are better by 3 days. It is frequently overdiagnosed. Complications include hearing loss, recurrent otitis media, perforation, labyrinthitis, mas ..read more

Chicken Pox Often blistering and crusting. Incubation 10-21days Infectivity when symptoms start Measles  Starts from the top and moves down. Often associated with conjunctival problems. Incubation 7 - 21days Infective - before symptoms to four days after appearance of rash Rash - maculopapular, spreads head downwards One of cough, conjunctivities or coryza - Get Koplik's spots, red throat - throat swab - notify if suspicious - off school until 5 days after rash - need immunoflobulin if under 12months, immunocompromised or pregnant. - MMR if unimmunised within 72hours of exposure MMR side effe ..read more

Eczema and Seborrhoeic Dermatitis Are essentially the same thing, and I think don't forgetthebubbles have it covered! Bites and Infestations  Lyme disease causes erythema migrans (pathognomic). If rash present treat - otherwise test. You can get a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction  - normally self limiting. Don't give routine prophylactic antibiotics. Remove a tip with direct forceful pressure.  Dog Bites Probably OK for primary closure, and no routine prophylactic antibiotics.  Human Bites Prophylactic antibiotics - always. Don't close if over 24hours old. Remember tetanus and BBV prophylaxis. S ..read more

Most of the tonsillitis syllabus has already been covered elsewhere. Post Tonsillectomy Bleeding  Tonsillitis - see adult notes       Great resource from DFTB Epiglottitis FB in the throat (aka choking ..read more

HSP Vasculitis with arthralgia, abdo pain, and or renal involvement. Purpura occurs in all patients. The rash is distinctive. Urinalysis is needed - manage with analgesia. Consider steroids. A first episode of HSP usually resolves within 4 weeks with the rash being the last symptom to go. Joint pain usually resolves spontaneously within 72 hours and abdo pain in 24- 48 hours. Uncomplicated abdominal pain usually resolves spontaneously within 24-48 hours ITP Covered on DFTB. Petechial Rash  The flow chart on this website is useful for highlighting when to investigate but this one is probably ..read more

A BRUE or an ALTE needs thorough history taking and examination. It is defined as: “an episode that is frightening to the observer and that is characterized by some combination of apnea (central or obstructive), color change (usually cyanotic or pallid, but occasionally erythematous or plethoric) marked change in muscle tone (usually marked limpness), choking" ie Apnoea, Looks Different, Tone different, Exhibits unconsciousness ALTE? That's so 2015. It's now BRUE (brief,resolved,unexplained)https://t.co/qBS9GRcXW7 #FOAMed via @AmerAcadPeds pic.twitter.com/VlHVpjOxSY— Lauren Westafer (@LWest ..read more

From a medical point of view, it is worth remembering that especially in toddlers who have a low mass, one pill can kill. Especially: - Cardiac drugs - Antidiabetics - Antidepressents - Iron, vicks, pepto - bismul (contains salicylates) One pill killers: Do you know which common drugs are potentially fatal for a small child with ONE pill?https://t.co/OehAgPqmb7#MedEd #toxicology #FOAMed pic.twitter.com/cPdiHUhnXj— Paediatric FOAMed (@PaediatricFOAM) August 22, 2018 From a mental health point of view - remember to complete all safeguarding paperwork, and encourage talking and communication ..read more

Medium sized artery vasculitis in children under five years old. Unknown aetiology but possibly infection. Higher risk in Asians, especially Japenese and Koreans. Signs #fcem #FOAMed #paediatrics Features of Kawasaki disease. pic.twitter.com/cZkF241IaA— #hellomynameisDrKirsty (@KirstyChallen) April 21, 2015 or Symptoms of Kawasaki Disease can be remembered by the mnemonic "CREAM" - http://t.co/4EKqYRMqbP #USMLE #FOAMed pic.twitter.com/zBmzrAXc12— knowmedge (@knowmedge) January 27, 2014 In the absense of inflammation (high WCC or CRP) Kawasaki is unlikely. Don't wait for fever >5 day ..read more