Maharaja Ranjit Singh – Conquests, Wives and More Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire, which ruled the northwest region of India in the early 19th century. He is known as the “Lion of Punjab” or “Sher-e-Punjab”. He is also remembered for his successful efforts to unite the various Sikh confederacies in the Punjab region, as well as his victories against invading forces, particularly those from Afghanistan. During his reign, the region saw significant reforms, modernizations, and prosperity. His government and army included people of various religions and ethnicities ..read more

Jainism UPSC Introduction Jainism UPSC preparation has to be done in a systematic and strategic manner as it is an infrequently represented topic as far as UPSC preparation is concerned. The Jainism UPSC questions are mostly found in the preliminary exam and that too not every year. Rather Buddhism finds a regular representation in prelims as well as mains. In the Mains part of the Jainism UPSC section, questions may be asked in the Art and culture section. A few illustrations of the Jainism UPSC questions can be found at the end of this article. Having said this, let us now deep dive into som ..read more

Introduction to Physical Geography of India Study of Physical Geography of India is intriguing as well as interesting because of the fact that it is as diverse and varied as the culture of India. Physical Geography of India has its own uniqueness because it has almost all types of landscapes, topographies, vegetation and climates. Thus Physical Geography of India has to be studied in various categories namely – Geology, Physiography, Drainage System, Climate, Vegetation, Soils, Flora, Fauna and Economic and Human Geography. In this article we shall be focusing on Geological and Physiographical ..read more

Picture Of Solar System – At A Glance Major Constituents Of Our Solar System – Picture Of SOLAR SYSTEM Picture of Solar Solar System  In this article on picture of solar system we shall delve into some of the most salient features of it.  At its first glimpse the picture of Solar system appears to be an amazing matrix of planets revolving around the Sun. The picture of solar system is an incredible network of planets and other heavenly bodies revolving around the Sun. The picture of solar system can be studied with Newtonian physics as well as with the help of Einstein’s theory of R ..read more

How are Mountains, Plateaus and Plains created? Mountains, plateaus and plains are created by the geomorphic processes which include, endogenic and exogenic forces. Endogenic forces are instrumental in creation of mountains plateaus and plains while exogenic forces are responsible for the destruction of them. Thus mountains, plateaus and plains are a nature’s creation in its own unique way. Orders of Relief and Mountains, Plateaus and Plains In order to make a systematic study of Earth’s Crustal features, all landscapes are divided into three orders of relief : First order of relief: This is ..read more

World Climate Zones Maps In this article we’ll learn about the various world climate zones maps as there is a huge diversity in the world in terms of Climate. The words climate and weather are many times used interchangeably in common parlance but in reality they are quite different. Whereas climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area, weather on the other hand can change on a hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year basis. The weather patterns of a region are usually tracked for at least 30 years time span. The most elaborate and extensive climate cl ..read more

What is the Sikh Gurus List? Sikh gurus list is the one that comprises the names of all the great men who created, nurtured and sustained Sikhism and made it a prominent religion in the world. Sikhism is a synthesis of many religious tenets the most prominent among them being Hinduism and Islam. Sikhism promotes the gospel of love, devotion and faith in one god. Sikh gurus list begins with Guru Nanak and ends with Guru Gobind Singh. In all there are 10 gurus in the Sikh Gurus list. All the 10 gurus made their own unique contributions along with sacrifices for the growth and spread of Sikhism ..read more

Pressure And Winds – Introduction        In this article we shall discuss the role of Pressure and Winds in the over weather patterns along with many other details. At the outset pressure and winds seem to be altogether different concepts. But in reality they are intricately related. The primary reason for winds to blow is the pressure differentials that are regularly created on the earth by a variety of reasons. Winds, accordingly blow from high pressure to low pressure areas. Pressure is exerted on the earth’s surface by the overlying weight of the air. Th ..read more

What is Hydrosphere? In this article we shall probe in detail what is hydrosphere or the ocean world? Hydrosphere is the sum total of the entire water present on the earth. It thus includes the surface water, the underground water and the water present in the air. Liquid water exists on the surface in the form of oceans, lakes and rivers. The underground water exists as groundwater, in wells and aquifers. In the air water vapor is most visible as clouds and fog. The frozen part of Earth’s hydrosphere is made of ice: glaciers, ice caps and icebergs. The frozen part of the hydrosphere is known ..read more

What Is Indian Drainage System? The Indian drainage system can be defined as a network of channels through which the river water flows in a well defined manner in India. The flow of water through well-defined channels is known as ‘drainage’ and the network of such channels is called a ‘drainage system’. India receives an annual average rainfall of 118 cm which provides 3645480 million cubic meter of water. Of this 45% flow into river systems . On the basis of their size, Indian rivers can be classified as under : Major river basins with catchment areas of over 20,000 km2 which account for 85 ..read more