I always pay attention to assessing the complexity of programming in a particular language. Programming is indeed not an easy task and this is perceived as a fact and usually does not require any confirmation. But the concept of “complexity” is akin to the term “heap”. For some, five coconuts is not so much, but for someone who ate one and “didn’t want any more,” this means that even one coconut will be too much for him. The same goes for the complexity of programs. It seems that the constant increase in the complexity of programs is obvious to everyone and is observed in all areas of appl ..read more

Practically all programming languages are built either on the principle of similarity (to make like this one, only with its own blackjack) or to realize some new concept (modularity, purity of functional calculations, etc.). Or both at the same time. But in any case, the creator of a new programming language doesn't take his ideas randomly out of thin air. They are still based on his previous experience, obsession with the new concept and other initial settings and constraints. Is there a minimal set of lexemes, operators, or syntactic constructs that can be used to construct an arbitrary gr ..read more

The director Denis Villeneuve and cinematographer Greig Fraser in their Dune: Part Two movie made a curious decision to film the scenes on the surface of the Giedi Prime planet in the infrared spectrum. It turned out to have interesting aesthetics and there are some interesting related physics to discuss and speculate about how realistic the look of it is. Read more ..read more

S.B. Pshenichnikov The article outlines a new mathematical apparatus for verbal calculations in NLP (natural language processing). Words are embedded not in a real vector space, but in an algebra of extremely sparse matrix units. Calculations become evidence-based and transparent. The example shows forks in calculations that go unnoticed when using traditional approaches, and the result may be unexpected.   The use of IT in Natural Language Processing (NLP) requires standardization of texts, for example, tokenization or lemmatization. After this, you can try to use mathematics, since it ..read more

Internet censorship is becoming an increasingly important issue worldwide. This leads to increasing of the "race of armaments" – in different countries government agencies and private corporations try to block various content and fight against the ways of circumventing of such restrictions. At the same time developers and researchers strive to create effective tools to combat censorship. Scientists from Carnegie Mellon University, Stanford University, and SRI International conducted an experiment in which they developed a special service for masking the use of Tor – one of the most popular to ..read more

一组印度科学家发表了以其本国为例政府机构采用的现代互联网屏蔽方法概述。他们研究了互联网服务提供商限制访问被禁信息的机制，评估了这些机制的准确性以及绕过这些屏蔽的能力。2captcha常驻代理团队整理了这项研究，并提请大家关注这项工作成果的主要论点。 Read more ..read more

Every programmer is familiar with the concept of "reference." This term usually refers to a small object whose main task is to provide access to another object physically located elsewhere. Because of this, references are convenient to use, they are easily copied, and they make it very easy to access the object to which the reference points, allowing access to the same data from different parts of the program. Unfortunately, manual memory management, or more precisely, manual memory control, is the most common cause of various errors and vulnerabilities in software. All attempts at automati ..read more

In the ever-evolving landscape of software development, communication between processes has been a fundamental requirement since the inception of computer networking. As technology advanced, the need for efficient and reliable inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms became increasingly crucial. One such mechanism that has stood the test of time is the socket. Sockets trace their origins back to the early days of computer networking in the 1970s. The concept was first introduced in the Unix operating system by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, as part of their work on ..read more

Navigating the intricacies of UI testing in the world of Flutter web applications can be a daunting task. If you've ever found yourself scratching your head, wondering how to apply your Selenium expertise to a Flutter-rendered interface, this article is for you. We're going to explore a method that bridges the gap between Flutter's unique rendering process and the robust testing capabilities of Selenium. Whether you're a seasoned tester or just starting out, the insights shared here will equip you with the knowledge to streamline your testing process and enhance the quality of your Flutter we ..read more

Hello everyone! A year ago, I became curious about whether it was possible to earn money in crypto by copying the trades of other traders. Instead of investing money right away, I decided to thoroughly explore this by writing a parser that monitored about 2,000 portfolios in real-time over the course of a year. Initially, I parsed the Traderwagon site, which unfortunately shut down. I then switched to Binance's copy trading, which was just starting out at the time. The number of portfolios available for investment on Binance is continually growing; currently, there are over 10,000. My script ..read more