Introduction Tubers are the storage organ of plants that store edible starch material as well as other nutrients and play a significant role in the contribution of dietary energy. Dioscorea, commonly known as yam, is a vital tuber-yielding crop that produces about 10% of the total global production of roots and tubers.1Genus Dioscorea of the family Dioscorea constitutes about 600 species throughout the world.2 There are about 12 species found in Odisha, among which Dioscorea alata is cultivated and the other eleven are wild species.2Dioscorea alata produces two types of tuber. One type produce ..read more

Introduction Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1) is a gene that plays a role in cognitive processes. Different members of the Egr family of transcriptional regulators have distinct functions in cognitive processes, with Egr1 being required specifically for long-term memory, while Egr3 is primarily essential for short-term memory1.  EGR 1  in the central nervous system is a mediator of the interaction of genes with the environment and how environmental stimuli trigger rapid responses and lasting neural adaptations to neuronal function and plasticity2,3. EGR1 is activated by several externa ..read more

Introduction orbiter drug transfer when compared to ointment2. The selection of gelling agent will causes changes in the physical characteristics of the gel as well as the final result of the preparation. Gelling agents commonly used HPMC and and carbomer3. The use of snail mucus to heal burns can be facilitated by making it in the form of gel-like preparations. The gel has soothing properties, moisturizes, easy to use, easily penetrates the skin so that it provides a healing effect. Gel bases can be differentiated into hydrophobic gel bases and hydrophilic gel bases4. In this study, optimizat ..read more

Introduction Medicinal plants have various forms like extracts, oils, and compounds that are identified to have anti-AD, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties and have also undergone many clinical and pre-clinical studies. Dementia is defined as an acquired deterioration in cognitive abilities that impairs the successful performance of activities of daily living. The memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients is due to the loss of cholinergic neurons, while those in non-AD dementia are due to the loss of serotonergic and glutaminergic neurons. While in the former, memory ..read more

Introduction Working hours apart from 7.00 am to 6:00 pm is known as night shift work.1 Due to increased competition, business demands, and technological change in the modern world,2 shift work among working adults has become more common place.3,4 Many studies have suggested that both the short duration of sleep (< 5 hours at night),5 and a night of disturbed sleep due to sleep apnea and narcolepsy are associated with increased levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other cytokines.6-8 From the expression of the gene behavior, every single function (variability in heart rate, brain waves, body ..read more

Introduction One of the most crucial fields of research in the field of biomedical engineering is the classifying of human movement based on EMG processing of data. Electrical impulses produced by muscles during movement, or EMG signals, convey significant details about muscle activity and movement patterns. Researchers have developed models that can effectively categorize various forms of human movement based on EMG analysis of information due to advancements in machine learning techniques. There is still a lack of studies in ensuring the development of highly accurate and efficient technique ..read more

Introduction The world’s top cause of death is still cardiovascular diseases (CVD), with hypertension being the main factor contributing to this high death rate.1 Approximately one-third of annual worldwide deaths can be attributed to CVD2. Moreover, elevated blood pressure, or hypertension, is closely associated with at least half or more of cases involving ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, aortic aneurysms, and peripheral vascular disease3. Unfortunately, this burden is increasing, despite the advancements in therapeutic treatments, particularly for ..read more

Introduction Rosmarinusofficinalis L. a fragrant perennial shrub with needle-like leaves, belongs to the mint family (Lamiaceae) and is popularly known as rosemary. It is indigenous to the Mediterranean and certain parts of Asia, but because of its ornamental value, culinary applications, and usage in traditional medicine, it has lately spread to wide regions. Many studies have demonstrated the antioxidant qualities of rosemary extract, which is why it’s utilized in food as a natural antioxidant as well as an outstanding taste element1,2. Reports suggest that rosemary extract may help pre ..read more

Introduction                          The use of antibiotics of hospitalized patients during the pandemic has increased all over the world and has caused resistance to them to be considered as the main global health challenge 1. In several nations, the use of antibiotics was overspread in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. According to a recent meta-analysis, during the first six months of the pandemic, 74.6% of the patients with COVID-19 had antibiotic prescript ..read more

Introduction After the discovery of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in 1986 as a B-cell stimulatory factor that begins IgG production, it was found to be a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates a wide variety of physiopathological processes, including cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and metabolism 1. While monocytes and macrophages account for the vast majority of IL-6 production, other cell types, including T cells, B cells, hepatocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, mesangial cells, adipocytes, and even certain tumor cells, are c ..read more