Introduction When you start out on your cryptocurrency journey, you most probably do some research on the internet.  You most probably will soon come across headlines such as “Bitcoin hacks” (1) or “Bitcoin attacks” (2). The most widely known attack is the so-called “51% attack”. Many articles, especially outside the cryptocurrency space, are describing the 51% attack in a way which triggers massive fear. Sometimes people ask themselves if that “magic internet money” (3) just can outright disappear. So you rightfully wonder how such an attack will affect your hard earned savings.  In ..read more

Introduction If you open a Swiss bank account you will have to agree to the terms and conditions of the bank. Swiss banks have tons of common clauses that they use in their terms and conditions. One of them is the approval fiction clause. According to this clause the account holder is considered to have approved the monthly bank statement if he does not contest it within thirty days. This clause cost a client of a Swiss bank around 1.3 million euros (ruling 4A_161/2020 of the 6th of July 2020). To the background The victim opened a Swiss bank account and agreed to the terms and conditions. The ..read more

Introduction In recent years, cyber crime has risen sharply. It was therefore only a matter of time before the courts had to deal with central issues relating to cyber crime on the internet. Recently, the Swiss Federal Court had to judge three cases (see also part 1). The facts of these cases dealt with three different types of cyber crime. The second case: e-mail hacking This ruling (ruling 4A_9/2020 of 9th of July 2020) had the following facts as its subject: The Plaintiff in this dispute had an execution-only mandate with a Securities Dealer. In connection with this mandate he had signed an ..read more

As we already mentioned in our article about free legal aid in South Africa, getting legal support from attorneys is too expensive for many people. LAWGATE receives many requests for free legal aid from Kenya, therefore in this article we’ll tell you how to get free legal help in Kenya. Here is an overview of all the different ways to get legal services free of charge in Kenya. Pro Bono Legal Services Pro bono means “for the good of the public”: this type of legal services are given for free to people that cannot afford to pay. Attorneys offer “pro bono” services to help the community, for cha ..read more

Introduction Despite of all cybercrime on the internet, the Swiss banking system is one of the most important in the world. It enjoys a good reputation. This is based on the political and economic stability of Switzerland. It is no wonder that many bank clients entrust their money to Swiss banks. In recent years, cybercrime has risen sharply. It was therefore only a matter of time before the courts had to deal with central issues relating to cybercrime on the internet. Recently, the Swiss Federal Court had to judge three cases. The facts of these cases dealt with three different types of cyber ..read more

Ruling against Lithuania In 2020 the European Court of Justice dealt with a case of discrimination against homosexuals (Ruling Application no. 41288/15 of the 14th of January 2020). In the core, it concerned the duty of the state to protect persons from homophobic hate speech. The background of this case The Applicants were two young men. One of them published a photo on his Facebook page of them kissing. This picture lead a lot of people leaving hundreds of hate comments. Some of these were related to LGBT in general (shortcut for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender). Others were dire ..read more

Who reading this has entered into a casual agreement with just a handshake or a nod of the head? For agreements on who is buying dinner or who gets to choose the movie of the night, those types of “contracts” are just fine. But for the contracts that are more formal and require an exchange of goods and services or hours and fees need something more than verbal yes and nos. They need to be written out and agreed on by each of the parties.      That’s because when you start to trade money and goods or services, you need something to fall back on should someone not meet their ..read more

Background story The European Court of Justice (hereinafter “the Court”) had to rule in on a case (Ruling 20200211_526_18 from 11th of February 2020). It was about a Nigerian national (hereinafter “the First Petitioner”) who was deported after moving to Switzerland. Other Petitioners were his wife, a Swiss national, and their three children, born in Switzerland. In 2008 the First Petitioner entered Switzerland under a false identity. He also filed an asylum application. During the asylum procedure, he was convicted for violations against the law on narcotics. He was deported to Benin in the fo ..read more

Vaccination against one parent’s will Recently, the Swiss Federal Supreme Court dealt with a child protection case (Ruling 5A_789/2019 of the 16th of June 2020). The court had to decide whether the father may vaccinate the child against measles without the mother’s consent. The court ruled that if the parents were at loggerheads, the competent authority has to decide on this issue. In this case, the authority has to base its decision on the recommendation of the Federal Office of Public Health. It is therefore likely, that if the Federal Office of Public Health recommends vaccination for a par ..read more

Do you ask yourself how to get Bitcoin in Ethiopia? As banking fees are very high for international payments and credit card are difficult. Luckily there is Bitcoin as an alternative way to step in. How can Bitcoin be bought in Ethiopia? The following three options are p2p marketplaces and have national payment options. National payment options are a great way to save fees. Paxful for Ethiopia Localcryptos for Ethiopia Localbitcoins for Ethiopia The post How to get Bitcoin in Ethiopia? appeared first on LAWGATE ..read more