What is Pre-Stressed Concrete? Pre-stressing is generally a way to overcome concrete weakness in tension. Generally, the concrete undergoes compression on top flange and tension at bottom flange. In pre-stressing the tendons are stretched along the axis and cement is poured, later when the tendons are released the compression is generated at the bottom which tries to counter-balance the compression due to loading at the top part of the beam. The upward force along the length of the beam counteracts the service loads applied to the member. The unique characteristics of pre-stressed co ..read more

  What are Shear Walls? Shear wall is a structural member used to resist lateral forces i.e. parallel to the plane of the wall. For slender walls where the bending deformation is more, Shear wall resists the loads due to Cantilever Action. In other words, Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal force resisting system. In building construction, a rigid vertical diaphragm capable of transferring lateral forces from exterior walls, floors, and roofs to the ground foundation in a direction parallel to their planes. Examples are the reinforced-concrete wall. Lateral forces cause ..read more

Different Types of Columns used in Construction. INTRODUCTION: A vertical member whose effective length is greater than 3 times Its least lateral dimension carrying compressive loads is called as a column. Columns transfer the loads from the beams or slabs to the footings or foundations. The inclined member carrying compressive loads as In the case of frames and trusses is called as struts. The pedestal is a vertical compression member whose effective length Is less than 3 times Its least lateral dimension. (different types columns) Why we provide Columns? Primaril ..read more

Concrete Slump Test Procedure | Applications | Types | Uses Slump test procedure is performed to check the workability of concrete. A good workable concrete has good strength. What is Workability of Concrete?  Workability is a complex property of concrete which is defined as the ease with which it can be mixed, transported and placed in position within a homogenous state. Workability depends upon the quantity of water, aggregate grade and percentage of fine materials in the mix. Many researchers have tried with different parameters to measure the workability of the concrete ..read more

Types of Reinforced Concrete: Glass Fiber, Steel Fiber, and Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) History of Reinforced Concrete Fibers have been used for concrete reinforcement since prehistoric times though technology has improved significantly, as is applicable for other fields. In the early age, straw and mortar were used for producing mud bricks, and horsehair was used for their reinforcement. As the fiber technology developed, cement was reinforced by asbestos fibers in the early twentieth century. During the middle of the twentieth century, extensive research was in progress for ..read more

What is Reinforced Concrete or RCC?Introduction, Performance, Non-steel Reinforcement, Deterioration Of Steel Reinforced Concrete What is Reinforced Concrete? Reinforced concrete, or RCC, is concrete that contains embedded steel bars, plates, or fibers that strengthen the material. The capability to carry loads by these materials is magnified, and because of this RCC is used extensively in all construction. In fact, it has become the most commonly utilized construction material. Reinforced materials are embedded in the concrete in such a way that the two materials resist the applied force ..read more

Composition of Bricks - Function of Ingredients Bricks are rectangular units of construction material. Bricks are used in masonry construction, walls, and pavements. It is used as a substitute of stone, where the stone is not readily available. Brick chips are often used as coarse aggregate in the concrete mix. Percentage of Constituents of Brick (Weight Basis) There are six major ingredients of brick. The general percentage of these ingredients in brick is given below:  Ingredient Percentage in brick Silica (SiO2) 55% Alumina (Al2O3) 30% Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) 8 ..read more

Types of Bricks – Detail Classification of Bricks Bricks are a regular size rectangular unit. Bricks are made of clay. They are usually used for most of the building works. Bricks are most generally used as a substitute for stone when the stone is not available. Types of Bricks Bricks can be of many types depending on – Quality Building Process Manufacturing Method  Raw Material Using Location   Weather-resisting Capability Purpose of Using  Shape  Region Classification of Bricks Based on Quality On the basis of quality, Bricks are of the following kinds: Fi ..read more

Aggregates – Function, Properties, Characteristics And Significance Aggregate is a granular material, such as sand, gravel, crushed stone used with a cement to produce either concrete or mortar. Aggregate is relatively inexpensive and does not enter into complex chemical reactions with water; it has been customary, therefore, to treat it as inert filler in concrete and mortar. However, due to increasing awareness of the role played by aggregates in determining many important properties of concrete and mortar, the traditional view of the aggregate as inert filler is being seriously questio ..read more

Tests on Cement Quality tests on cements at construction site (also called field tests on cement) are carried to know the quality of cement supplied at site. It gives some idea about cement quality based on colour, touch and feel and other tests. Tests on Cement at Construction site The following are the quality tests on cement at construction site: Color test Presence of lumps Adulteration test Temperature test Float tests Strength test Setting test Date of packing Color Test of Cement The color of the cement should be uniform. It should be grey colour with a light greenish ..read more