Interpolation: The Advanced Game of Connect the Dots
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
**The Matlab code used for the examples is available for FREE at the end of the post** Every day thousands of kids across the world practice interpolation, and they do it for fun. The best part, they don’t even know it’s called interpolation to them it’s just a game called Connect-the-Dots. You might remember it from your childhood. A teacher or parent would give you a white sheet of paper filled with dots numbered 1 to N, like the one shown in Figure 1 (thanks supercoloring.com). The goal is to recreate the image by sequentially connecting the dots. The children typically connect the dots in ..read more
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Adaptive Beamforming Tutorial Part 2: Preserving the Signal of Interest
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
The Adaptive Beamforming Tutorial Parts 1 and 2 are available for download as a PDF! Download The GrittyEngineer’s Guide to Adaptive Beamforing! In Adaptive Beamforming Tutorial Part 1: Suppressing Interference we derived an adaptive nuller for a multi-element antenna that would attempt to suppress all signals detected above the noise floor. While a powerful tool, its use is limited to situations where the signal of interest (SOI) is below the noise floor. There are many cases where the SOI is detectable and we want to preserve the signal instead of crushing it. Even if the SOI is faint, adapt ..read more
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Adaptive Beamforming Tutorial Part 1: Suppressing Interference
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
In Active Noise Cancellation with Multiple Auxiliary Sensors we left off with the question, “How can we mitigate interference when all of our sensors receive the signal of interest and interference?” Part 1 of this adaptive beamforming tutorial explains how to suppress the interference and lays the foundation to steer gain to specific locations. Sine Wave Fundamentals Let’s talk about good old sine waves for a moment. Sine waves are represented by the equation where is the amplitude, is the frequency in radians, is time, and is the phase. Often when we talk about sine waves we look at a s ..read more
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In the Top 75
Gritty Engineer
by admin
2M ago
Recently, Feedspot rated GrittyEngineer as one of the Top 75 Electronics Websites & Blogs For Electrical & Electronic Engineers. There are actually 80 sites listed but it’s a pretty solid list. Before reading the list, I hadn’t seen many of the site. After checking them out have decided to start following a few of them. If you’re looking for general electrical engineering website check out the article. The post In the Top 75 appeared first on Gritty Engineer ..read more
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Active Noise Cancellation with Multiple Auxiliary Sensors
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
In our last post, we went over active noise cancellation using the Wiener filter (you can find that here). It focused on using a single auxiliary sensor for active noise cancellation and while powerful there are cases when having multiple auxiliary sensors provides better noise reduction. Today’s example considers a car equipped with a hands-free phone call system. Such systems typically work by connecting the car’s microphone and speakers to a cell phone using Bluetooth. In many cases, it is assumed that the driver is the speaker and so the primary microphone is placed on the driver’s side da ..read more
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Active Noise Cancellation Using the Wiener Filter
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
Some situations arise where the signal of interest is corrupted by interference. A common example is air-to-ground communications. Consider the environment of a helicopter cockpit. Within the cockpit, audible noise is produced by the wind, the helicopter engine, and the pilot’s voice. In this case, the signal of interest is the pilot’s voice but this signal may be overwhelmed by the other noise sources. Simply creating a band-pass filter around the frequencies that lie within the human vocal range is insufficient to recover the signal of interest because the engine and wind interference may oc ..read more
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The optimal Causal FIR Wiener filter
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
Being an engineer, you’ve probably come across lowpass, highpass, and bandpass filters. Such filters are designed by specifying requirements on their frequency response such as the passband ripple, side lobe attenuation, and cutoff frequency. These filters work well for a wide variety of applications and are used extensively in engineering, however, they are not guaranteed to be the best filters for estimating a signal in a noisy environment. If the filters we learned in college can’t guarantee the best estimation of our desired signal is there a filter that can? This is the question that Norb ..read more
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Creating Vivado IP the Smart Tcl Way
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
Recently at work I checked out a co-workers Vivado project that was under review. Instead of putting all of the project files in SVN they only put the source files, constraints, IP files, and a Tcl script that re-created the project. Overall it worked pretty well. However, there was just one catch, Vivado reported that one of the IP files under source control was generated using a different version of Vivado than the one currently being used. Oddly enough, the version numbers matched but I still had to regenerate the IP before the warning would go away. I later learned that the team using this ..read more
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Vivado Non-Project Mode: Releasing Vivado’s True Potential
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
Most digital circuit design engineers are familiar with Vivado’s GUI. It allows engineers to create a project, select the target part, add or create source files for the RTL design, add physical and timing constraints, and go through the synthesis, implementation, and bitstream generation process. What most engineers don’t know is that there is another, more powerful mode called Non-Project Mode that is only available through Tcl scripts. If you’re not familiar with Tcl check out these free tutorials we put together here. This mode is called Non-Project Mode because you do not create a Vivado ..read more
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Vivado Project Mode Tcl Script
Gritty Engineer
by Christopher Hogstrom
2M ago
Have you ever thought that a task should just be simple? For example, a co-worker might ask you to review portions of their project so you check out their project from SVN or Git. However, for some reason, you can’t just simply hit generate bitstream or launch the simulations because something went wrong. It could be the fact you use a different version of Vivado, one of the IP files is corrupted, or something else entirely and you have to spend a couple of hours trying to figure it out. Does this sound familiar to anyone or is it just me? Luckily there is a better way. Instead of checking in ..read more
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