Despite poor discriminative ability, higher maternal age, higher body mass index (BMI), nulliparity, nonsmoking status, and thyroid autoimmunity are associated with a higher risk for gestational thyroid dysfunction, according to results of an individual-level meta-analysis published in Thyroid. Although targeted screenings for abnormal thyroid function in pregnancy consider risk factors for hypothyroidism, these factors have poor discriminatory power. For example, detection rates range between 75% and 85% among patients with overt hypothyroidism and between 54% and 60% among patients with subc ..read more

HealthDay News — Higher diet quality at diagnosis of breast cancer is associated with a lower risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and death, especially the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet quality index, according to a study published online April 17 in JNCI Cancer Spectrum. Isaac J. Ergas, Ph.D., M.P.H., from Kaiser Permanente Northern California in Oakland, and colleagues examined whether higher diet quality at breast cancer diagnosis was related to a lower risk for CVD and CVD-related death in a prospective cohort of women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 2 ..read more

HealthDay News — Only 4 percent of cancer survivors are fully adherent to current American Cancer Society (ACS) nutrition and physical activity guidelines, according to a study published online April 18 in JAMA Oncology. Carter Baughman, M.D., from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, and colleagues conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System using survey administration years 2017, 2019, and 2021. The primary outcome was adherence to current ACS nutrition and physical activity guidelines. A total of 10,020 respondents reported com ..read more

In patients with diabetes, the prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by medical devices such as glucose sensors and insulin pumps may be underestimated, according to study results published in the Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology & Venereology. Following PRISMA guidelines, researchers conducted a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis to assess the prevalence and incidence of dermatitis, particularly ACD, associated with use of medical devices in close, prolonged contact with the skin for treatment and monitoring of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Data w ..read more

Renal and thyroid cancer rates are 16% and 10% higher, respectively, in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), according to research published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology. These patients also experience a higher risk of nerve tumors and skin cancer, but a reduced risk of stomach cancer, the study shows. Previous research has indicated that there is a relationship between AMD and cancer, but no study has pinpointed particularly related forms of cancer. The researchers utilized data of 4,088,814 individuals who were part of the Korean National Health Insurance Service ..read more

Should dermatologists prescribe emergency contraception at isotretinoin visits and is there a need for more education about emergency contraception for dermatologists prescribing isotretinoin? The answer is yes to both. Access to emergency contraception is essential for patients taking isotretinoin, a known teratogen, according to the authors of a Viewpoint article in JAMA Dermatology. Since the implementation of iPLEDGE REMs program in 2006, the number of pregnancies occurring among women taking isotretinoin has decreased, however, there is still an average of 200 to 300 pregnancies annually ..read more

Children with prolonged sleep latency are at increased risk for symptoms of depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct issues, and oppositional behavior in adolescence, according to findings from a longitudinal study published in Sleep Advances. Childhood sleep problems are relatively common, such as trouble falling asleep and frequent night wakings. Previous research has found that sleep problems early in development can often either co-occur or precede mental health problems and disorders such as anxiety, depression, and ADHD. However, relatively little is known abo ..read more

Children born full term with low birth weight have worse growth trajectories than those born preterm, according to study findings published in Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. Infants born preterm or full term with low birth weight are at high risk of experiencing poor growth during childhood. However, the effect of low birth weight on growth trajectory remains unclear.   To determine the effects of gestational age and birth weight on growth trajectories, South Korean researchers conducted a nationwide cohort study. Participants were children born preterm or full term with low birth ..read more

Sarcopenic obesity is associated with an increased risk for all-cause mortality over a 10-year follow-up, according to study findings published in JAMA Network Open. Although sarcopenia and obesity are independently linked to adverse outcomes, the relationship between sarcopenic obesity and mortality risk remains unclear. To assess the population-level prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with mortality risk, researchers sourced data from the Rotterdam Study, an ongoing prospective, population-based cohort study. Participants were aged at least 45 years with available measureme ..read more

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