In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of tennis leg, including medial gastrocnemius and plantaris injury! Key teaching points include: Tennis leg = Injury to muscles of the calf. Tear of myotendinous junction of medial head of gastrocnemius, rupture of plantaris tendon (less common), in isolation or together Classically described in tennis players, but can occur in various athletic activities (running, skiing) with extension of knee and forced dorsiflexion of ankle. Typically seen in middle-aged, active individuals Clinical: Sudden sharp calf pain with associated popp ..read more

In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma! Key teaching points include: Serous cystadenocarcinoma is the common ovarian malignancy and most common ovarian epithelial tumor High-grade and low-grade types Peak incidence 6th-7th decades Ultrasound appearance: Mixed cystic and solid mass with papillary projections and thick septations Elevated CA-125 in greater than 90% Serous tumors are more commonly bilateral than other tumors Four main categories of ovarian neoplasms: Epithelial (most common), germ cell (second most common), sex cord-st ..read more

In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of parathyroid adenoma! Key teaching points include: Benign tumor of the parathyroid glands Most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism: Elevated serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels Ultrasound: Solid, homogeneous and very hypoechoic. Oval or bean-shaped, long axis oriented craniocaudal. Hypervascular. Majority posterior and inferior to thyroid. Hyperechoic line often separates adenoma from adjacent thyroid. Atypical features: Cystic degeneration, calcification. Tc-99m sestamibi: Radiotracer uptake persisting on ..read more

In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of parotitis in the pediatric population! Key teaching points include: Parotitis = Inflammation of the parotid glands Acute parotitis is usually infectious, most commonly viral Mumps is most common viral cause in children, often bilateral Bacterial parotitis can cause suppurative parotitis seen in premature infants and immunosuppressed children Acute parotitis on US: Enlarged, heterogeneous, hyperemic gland(s) +/- lymphadenopathy Since can be bilateral, comparison scanning essential Bacterial parotitis may be complicated by absces ..read more

In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of carpal tunnel syndrome! Key teaching points include: Most common upper extremity entrapment neuropathy. Results from median nerve compression With carpal tunnel syndrome, see hypoechoic enlargement of the median nerve as enters carpal tunnel with flattening of nerve = Notch sign, also volar bowing of flexor retinaculum Median nerve area: Less than 8 mm2 = Normal; 8-12 mm2 = Borderline; greater than 12 mm2 = Abnormal Most accurate to compare nerve area at proximal pronator quadratus muscle and carpal tunnel: Increase of 2 mm2 or ..read more

In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of ganglion cysts while highlighting relevant wrist ultrasound anatomy! Key teaching points include: Ganglion cysts are viscous, mucin-filled collections lacking a synovial lining Most commonly occur at hand/wrist = Most common wrist mass Location: Dorsum of wrist (60%), frequently adjacent to scapholunate ligament; volar wrist (20%), often between radial artery and flexor carpi radialis tendon; flexor tendon sheath (10%); associated with DIP joint (10%) Grows out of tissues surrounding joint like a balloon on a stalk. May see a p ..read more

Radiologist Headquarters has a new name: Radquarters! Same high-yield content, but now with a streamlined name that’s easier to remember. Click the YouTube Community tab or follow on social media for bonus teaching material posted throughout the week! Spotify: https://spoti.fi/462r0F2 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/Radquarters/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Radquarters/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Radquarters Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/user/radiologistHQ/ The post Radquarters appeared first on Radquarters ..read more

In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of acute epididymitis and orchitis! Key teaching points include: Epididymitis = Inflammation of epididymis. Usually bacterial, most commonly due to retrograde ascent from bladder or prostate. Causative infectious agent varies based on age: Adults younger than 35: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis (STDs). Adults older than 35: E. coli & other coliform bacteria. Non-infectious causes of epididymitis: Trauma, repetitive activities such as sports (most common causes in males prior to sexual maturity), torsed appendix te ..read more

In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of acute cholecystitis, including gangrenous and emphysematous cholecystitis! Key teaching points include: Acute cholecystitis = Acute gallbladder inflammation. Most often (95%) caused by an impacted, obstructing gallstone in the cystic duct or gallbladder neck = Acute calculous cholecystitis. Clinically presents as persistent RUQ pain that may radiate to right shoulder, often with N/V and fever. Ultrasound findings of uncomplicated acute cholecystitis: Gallstones, sonographic Murphy sign, gallbladder wall thickening (greater than ..read more

In this radiology lecture, we review the ultrasound appearance of ileocolic and small bowel-small bowel intussusception in children! Key teaching points include: Intussusception occurs when bowel is pulled into itself or into neighboring bowel. Intussusceptum is the prolapsing bowel pulled into intussuscipiens which receives the bowel. Two major types: Ileocolic and small bowel-small bowel. If ileocolic not reduced = Bowel ischemia and perforation. Most occur in children beyond 3 months of age. Usually no lead point in children (unlike adults), suspected that due to hypertrophic lymphoid tiss ..read more