Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in modulating synaptic physiology and contributes to the fundamental pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. Yet its function at the presynaptic terminal remains poorly ...Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in synaptic physiology, as well as mechanisms underlying various neuropsychiatric diseases and their treatment. Despite its clear physiological role and disease relevance, BDNF’s function at ..read more

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major public health issue. Inherited arrhythmias account for a large portion of SCDs in adolescents. We established a mouse pedigree that exhibits severe inherited arrhythmias with SCD after ... Inherited arrhythmia syndromes (IASs) can cause life-threatening arrhythmias and are responsible for a significant proportion of sudden cardiac deaths (SCDs). Despite progress in the development of devices to prevent SCDs, the precise molecular mechanisms ..read more

The past 15 y has seen much development in documentation of domestication of plants and animals as gradual traditions spanning millennia. There has also been considerable momentum in understanding the dispersals of major domesticated taxa across ..read more

Climate change can affect agriculture across levels–from plants to farms to institutions–but these impacts are difficult to measure and project consistently. We propose a statistical approach for estimating the sensitivity of agricultural ...Effective policies for adaptation to climate change require understanding how impacts are related to exposures and vulnerability, the dimensions of the climate system that will change most and where human impacts will be most draconian, and the ..read more

Hydroxyl radicals, one of the most reactive radical species, play a critical role in chemistry, biology, medicine, atmospheric, and environmental sciences. The most well-known hydroxyl radical-generating pathways are the activation of H It is well-known that highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (HO ) can be produced by the classic Fenton system and our recently discovered haloquinone/H system, but rarely from thiol-derivatives. Here, we found, unexpectedly, that HO can be generated from ..read more

Mitochondria are double-membranous organelles critical for cell survival and death. They constantly fuse and divide to maintain mitochondrial functions. Defective mitochondrial fission is implicated in cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and ...Mitochondria constantly fuse and divide for mitochondrial inheritance and functions. Here, we identified a distinct type of naturally occurring fission, tail-autotomy fission, wherein a tail-like thin tubule protrudes from the mitochondrial body and ..read more

During wildfires, substantial amounts of biomass are converted to charred by-products, rich in black carbon (BC), produced via incomplete combustion. BC enters the ocean by rivers and atmospheric deposition and contributes to the marine ...During wildfires and fossil fuel combustion, biomass is converted to black carbon (BC) via incomplete combustion. BC enters the ocean by rivers and atmospheric deposition contributing to the marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool. The fate of BC is ..read more

Equity is core to sustainability, but current interventions to enhance sustainability often fall short in adequately addressing this linkage. Models are important tools for informing action, and their development and use present opportunities to center ..read more

Predation drives evolutionary convergence in warning coloration and is also expected to promote behavioral resemblance between mimetic species. Using high frame rate video footage of neotropical mimetic butterflies, we show that butterflies ...Flight was a key innovation in the adaptive radiation of insects. However, it is a complex trait influenced by a large number of interacting biotic and abiotic factors, making it difficult to unravel the evolutionary drivers. We investigate flight ..read more

Thwaites Glacier plays a vital role in regulating West Antarctic Ice Sheet stability and, thus, global sea-level rise. Marine sediments seaward of the glacier reveal that the grounding zone had retreated to its current position before 9,400 y ...Today, relatively warm Circumpolar Deep Water is melting Thwaites Glacier at the base of its ice shelf and at the grounding zone, contributing to significant ice retreat. Accelerating ice loss has been observed since the 1970s; however, it is unclear when ..read more