by Mehdi MehraniradNahid BasafaReza ZabihiEnglish Department, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, IranDr. Mehdi Mehranirad’s research interests lie in the field of language development, with a focus on psycholinguistic aspects of monolingual and bilingual children’s language learning. His research attempts to understand how language works as an efficient communication system for young children within their cognitive and information processing constraints.Nahid Basafa has received her Master’s in language teaching and learning. She has conducted a number of research studies on children’s language processing, and is currently teaching in the English Department at the University of Neyshabur.Dr. Reza Zabihi’s research centers around instructed second language acquisition and task-based language teaching as well as psychology of language learning and teaching. He studies how cognitive, affective and personality factors along with different task conditions influence learners’ performance as well as their cognitive, behavioural, social and emotional engagement.

by Abdulhamit KarademirHalil AlkanMehmet Canlıa Department of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Education, Muş Alparslan University, Mus, Turkeyb Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Mus, Turkeyc School of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TurkeyAbdulhamit Karademir is an associate professor; Department of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Education, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Türkiye.Halil Alkan is an associate professor; Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Türkiye.Mehmet Canlı is a lecturer; School of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey.

by Efrat Sher-CensorSmadar DolevMichal Shalem Gan-OrEsther Zacha School of Psychological Sciences and the Center for the Study of Child Development, The University of Haifa, Haifa, Israelb Early Childhood Department, Oranim College of Education, Tivon, Israelc School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Haifa, Haifa, IsraelEfrat Sher-Censor is an Associate Professor at the Interdisciplinary MA and PhD programs in Child Development, the School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel. Her major research interests include the representations that children, parents and caregivers construct about their relationships. She explores how representations shape parent-child and caregiver-child interactions and predict children's adjustment.Smadar Dolev is a Senior Lecturer and a tenured faculty member at Oranim College for Education in Israel. She served as the head of the graduate and undergraduate programs for Early Childhood Education at Oranim College. Her primary research interests include parent/teacher-child relationships and the interplay between representations, behavior, and child development, with a focus on populations of early childhood-aged children with special needs.Michal Shalem Gan-Or graduated with a master's degree in developmental psychology. She is a specialized therapist. She works as a psychologist in the public service, consulting kindergartens around issues of classroom climate and children with behavioral and emotional difficulties and developmental challenges. She treats and diagnoses children with communication difficulties, difficulties in the parent-child relationship, and eating and sleeping difficulties.Esther Zach holds a B.Ed in Special Education from Oranim College of Education and an MA in Child Development from the University of Haifa. With 14 years of experience managing a special education kindergarten, she is directing a regional support center named “Mati'ah Migido” for the past five years. Esther integrates years of hands-on experience working with special children and parents with her academic research. Her research focuses on emotional availability and its significance in the relationship systems within special education kindergartens.

by Kejun ZhengBaolige ChaoXiaoran XueLi Zhanga School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of Chinab School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaKejun Zheng is an associate professor in the School of Psychology at Guizhou Normal University. Her research interests are in the areas of children and adolescent's developmental psychology. Specifically, she is interested in childhood and adolescence mathematical competence, and parenting.Baolige Chao is a graduate of the School of Sociology and Psychology at the Central University of Finance and Economics. Her research interests are in educational psychology and social psychology, with a particular focus on the impact of social inequality on students' academic performance and psychological well-being.Xiaoran Xue is a PhD student at Beijing Normal University. Her research interests are in the areas of children and adolescent's mathematical ability and spatial navigation ability, as well as online interventions for emotional problems like depression.Li Zhang is a professor in the School of Sociology and Psychology at Central University of Finance and Economics. Her research interests are in cognition and learning, including the development of children's mathematical competence and spatial skills, the influencing factors of mathematical learning.

by Hatice Gül ÖztaşYeşim Aksoy Deryaa Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiyeb Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, TürkiyeHatice Gül Öztaş is a research assistant; Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye.Yeşim Aksoy Derya is a associate professor, PhD, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences Inonu University, Malatya/Türkiye.

by Edson Júnior Silva da CruzLília Ieda Chaves CavalcanteEdilene Maia LiebentrittJanari da Silva Pedrosoa Faculdade de Psicologia, Centro Universitário do Pará, Belém, Brasilb Programa de Pós-Graduaçãoem Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brasilc Pós-DoutorandaemPsicologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brasild Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, BrasilEdson Júnior Silva da Cruz a psychologist, doctor and master in psychology from the Postgraduate Program in Psychology at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) conducts research on developmental psychology throughout the life cycle.Lília Ieda Chaves Cavalcante a social workerwith a Ph.D. in behavioural theory and research conducts research with children and adolescents in socially vulnerable situations.Edilene Maia Liebentritt a speech therapist with a Ph.D. in neuroscience, conducts studies focusing on child development.Janari da Silva Pedroso a psychologist with a Ph.D. in science conducts research focusing on developmental psychology, positive psychology and psychological assessment.

by Yingjie WangQianqian XiaLiyue GuFeng Lia School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, People’s Republic of Chinab Labor Union, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaYingjie Wang is an associate professor at the School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University. His research interests are mainly focus on children's social and emotional development.Qianqian Xia is a postgraduate student at the School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University. Her research interests are mainly focus on children's social and emotional development.Liyue Gu is a postgraduate student at the School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University. Her research interests are mainly focus on children's social and emotional development.Feng Li is an associate professor at Labor Union, Shanghai Normal University. Her research interests are mainly focus on College teachers' professional development.

by Cong LiuMohd Nazri Abdul RahmanAfdal AfdalMuhammad Asyraf Mansora Centre for Information Technology in Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Chinab Education Faculty, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesiac Community Network Centre, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaCL: conceptualization, methodology, software, formal analysis, resources, data curation, and writing – original draft preparation. MR: validation and supervision. AF: validation and supervision. MM: validation. All authors: reviewing and agreeing with the published version of the manuscript.Dr. Cong Liu is a Post-doctoral fellow at the University of Hong Kong. Her research focuses on learning sciences, parenting education, and early childhood development.Dr. Mohd Nazri Abdul Rahman is the deputy dean of the Education Faculty at University Malaya in Malaysia. He is an associate professor in the Educational Psychology and Counseling Department. His research interests focus on early childhood development, parenting education, teacher training, and public policies.Dr. Afdal is an associate professor of the Department of Guidance and Counseling at Universitas Negeri Padang in Indonesia. Research topics that are usually carried out are related to domestic violence, marriage counseling, careers and counseling in various special populations.Muhammad Asyraf Mansor is a Research Officer of the Community Network Centre at University Malaya in Malaysia. His research interests focus on early childhood development and community-based education.

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