In the wiring diagrams we can find symbols for contact control devices. The part that causes the contact to be engaged or switched is called the actuator, which basically can be any displacement phenomenon, for example: push, twist, zoom, rotate, light reflection, sound reflection, etc. The structure of a contact switching device symbol consists of […] The post Electrical Symbols – Database of Electrical and Automation Symbols – BUTTONS, SWITCHES, CONNECTOR DRIVERS appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more

PLC is used in almost every automation system these days. In wiring diagrams, the representation of a PLC can be realized in several ways, although similar to each other. In confronting this topic I will try to explain as much as possible. Introduction Most simple wiring diagrams are constructed very similarly. Typically, such diagrams consist […] The post How to read electrical schematics? #8 PLC Controller Part 1/2 appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more

The PLC in the wiring diagram in theoretical terms has been described to some extent in the previous section of this paper. However, what is theory alone without practice? I will try to show you “with my finger” on a sample electrical diagram where the PLC is located and how to read it. The examples […] The post How to read electrical schematics of automation systems? #9 PLC Controller Part 2/2 appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more

This paper continues the lesson of analyzing contact control systems. This time we will focus on the automatic control based on the ready-made electrical scheme of the sewage pumping station. In the previous lesson, I covered manual control quite thoroughly using the same wiring diagram that we will build on in this lesson. Therefore, I […] The post How to read electrical schematics? #6 CONTROL SYSTEMS p. 2/2 appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more

In this article, I will try to explain how to analyze contact control systems based on ready-made wiring diagrams. In contact electrical systems, relays, contactors and pushbuttons are used to transfer, amplify, multiply, invert or combine control signals into logic functions. By configuring the contact connections, the appropriate behavior of the control system is achieved. […] The post How to read electrical schematics? #5 CONTROL SYSTEMS part 1/2 appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more

In the previous two lessons, I wrote about relays and contactors, where the electrical contacts were switched electromagnetically. There are many other devices in which the contacts are switched mechanically, inductively, pneumatically or hydraulically. In this lesson, I will provide a summary of contact symbols along with their drives. We know from previous lesson #2 […] The post Electrical Symbols – How to read schematics? #4 CONTACTS, BUTTONS, SENSORS appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more

Are you planning to introduce an HMI panel to your plant or are you considering replacing your current equipment? We know that you have an important decision ahead of you. Meanwhile, the number of distributors and offered panels can surpass all of us. So instead of comparing each parameter and browsing the catalogs in search […] The post Important criteria for selecting HMI panels appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more

Relays are basic devices in almost every electrical and I&C installation. The principle of operation of relays is simple: driving the relay coil causes the signal to pass on through the contacts. To begin the lesson, we need to understand how relays work, what their features and functions are. Only then can we fully understand […] The post Electrical schematics – How to read electrical schematics? #2 RELAYS appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more

A plant diagram is undoubtedly one of the most important documents in a manufacturing plant. We’ll start our schematic reading course with the simplest item we can find in an electrical closet – the cable connector (ZUG). Connectors are a very important element in almost every electrical installation and control and measurement equipment. They provide […] The post Electrical schematics – How to read electrical schematics? #1 Connectors appeared first on Blog related to industrial automation - PLC, HMI, control systems ..read more