Self‐reported history of breastfeeding in relation to recalled age at menarche in the United States
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Claire L. Gold, Elizabeth Bertone‐Johnson
2d ago
Abstract Menarche is a key life history event that shapes the female reproductive trajectory and is important to the study of human biology because of the associated epidemiological and social consequences later in life. Our question is whether breastfeeding is associated with the variation in timing of menarche. Using data from a college-aged female student population from Amherst, MA, we examined whether having been breastfed was associated with age at menarche. Of the 340 female participants with information on breastfeeding during infancy, we found that women who were breastfed (n = 286) h ..read more
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Decline in pubertal timing and its relationship with excess weight. A study of the secular trend in age at menarche in girls from La Plata district (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by María Fernanda Torres, Mariela Garraza, Fabián Aníbal Quintero, María Eugenia Luna, Bárbara Navazo, María Florencia Cesani
4d ago
Abstract Objective To provide information on the secular trend in age at menarche (AgM) in Argentinean girls in relation to excess weight (EW) and body adiposity. Methods Two cohorts (C) (C1, 2005–2007 and C2, 2015–2019) of children aged 8–14 years from La Plata district were studied using identical methodological criteria. Each participating child was asked about menarche (M) status: M presence (MP) or absence (MA). The AgM was estimated using the status quo method and logistic regression analysis. Body weight, height, and tricipital and subscapular skinfolds were collected to estimate EW (ov ..read more
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Variation in diurnal cortisol patterns among the Indigenous Shuar of Amazonian Ecuador
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Melissa A. Liebert, Samuel S. Urlacher, Felicia C. Madimenos, Theresa E. Gildner, Tara J. Cepon‐Robins, Christopher J. Harrington, Richard G. Bribiescas, Lawrence S. Sugiyama, J. Josh Snodgrass
4d ago
Abstract Objectives The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and its primary end product, the glucocorticoid cortisol, are major components of the evolved human stress response. However, most studies have examined these systems among populations in high-income settings, which differ from the high pathogen and limited resource contexts in which the HPA axis functioned for most of human evolution. Methods We investigated variability in diurnal salivary cortisol patterns among 298 Indigenous Shuar from Amazonian Ecuador (147 males, 151 females; age 2–86 years), focusing on the effects of age ..read more
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Study of triglyceride changes during pregnancy and neonatal birth weight and adverse outcomes
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Hongjuan Wei, Yinyan Tang, Yu Xia, Yang Yu
6d ago
Abstract Background Changes of maternal triglyceride concentrations are closely associated with intrauterine fetal growth and development, but the effect of mid- to late-term triglyceride changes on birth weight is uncertain. This study investigated the association between changes in triglycerides in mid to late in pregnant women gestational age ≥ 35 weeks on neonatal birth weight and adverse outcomes. Methods This cohort study was based on 931 pregnant women with a singleton delivery at gestational age ≥ 35 weeks from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 at Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital (N ..read more
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Birth weight and nutritional status in school‐age children from Boane city, Mozambique
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Eulálio Malinga, Carol Góis Leandro, Fernanda Trigueiro de Almeida Araujo, Rafael dos Santos Henrique, Mario Eugénio Tchamo, Wylla Tatiana Ferreira e Silva
6d ago
Abstract Background Birth weight is considered an important marker of inadequate maternal nutrition, and it is a critical indicator of the newborn's health and development. Objective This study evaluated the influence of low birth weight (LBW) on body composition in 7–10-year-old school children from Boane City—Mozambique. Methods A total of 220 children (female = 122 and male = 98) were divided into two groups according to their birth weight (LBW, n = 41; and normal birth weight, NBW, n = 179). Anthropometric indicators of nutritional status were analyzed by the indices weight-for-age, height ..read more
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Ramadan fasting in the third trimester of pregnancy and postpartum colostrum cortisol concentrations in Morocco
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Meagan M. Guilfoyle
6d ago
Abstract Breast milk cortisol concentration varies among and within lactating women, but the causes and consequences of variation are not yet fully understood. This study investigated whether maternal fasting from food and water for over 16 h per day during the third trimester of pregnancy was associated with increased concentrations of cortisol in colostrum during the month of Ramadan in a Moroccan sample. Participants were women who gave birth at the public maternity hospital in Rabat, Morocco throughout the month of and month following Ramadan. Participants completed interviews (N = 92), un ..read more
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The bidirectional longitudinal association between academic performance and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Mireia Adelantado‐Renau, Michael Duncan, Matteo Crotti, Irene Monzonís‐Carda, Diego Moliner‐Urdiales, Maria Reyes Beltran‐Valls
1w ago
Abstract Introduction The limited prior research examining the association between academic performance and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in youth did not explore the reciprocal association between these constructs, and analyzed CVD risk factors individually. Thus, the aim of the present study was to explore the bidirectional longitudinal association between clustered CVD risk score and academic performance in adolescents over a 24-month interval. Methods A total of 237 adolescents (45.6% girls), aged 13.9 ± 0.3 years old at baseline, from DADOS (Deporte, ADOlescencia y Salud) stud ..read more
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Hyperandrogenism associated with polycystic ovary syndrome may have a protective effect against fracture risk in female athletes: A pilot study
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Courtney Manthey, Tara Cepon‐Robins, Anna Warrener
1w ago
Abstract Objectives Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by polycystic ovaries, anovulation, and hyperandrogenism, is believed to be an evolutionary mismatch disease. Past research has examined PCOS as a uniform disease, despite variation in phenotypes across diagnostic categories, but establishing an evolutionary mismatch requires a focus on individual traits. We suggest PCOS hyperandrogenism may have been beneficial in ancestral environments because it reduced fracture risk and associated morbidity and mortality due to increased bone mineral density (BMD). We test this hypothesis ..read more
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Changes in physical fitness and body build of women and men surveyed in 2004 and 2022—A longitudinal study
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Ryszard Żarów, Magdalena Żegleń, Agnieszka Woronkowicz, Barbara Spring, Małgorzata Kowal, Stanisław Matusik
1w ago
Abstract Physical fitness plays a crucial role in determining human health and overall well-being. The objective of the study was to assess the changes in body structure and physical fitness among individuals examined in 2004 and 2022 (persons aged 32–34 and 50–52). The research material consists of data from the Krakow Continuous Study (KCS) of somatic development and physical fitness of people born in 1970 and 1972, conducted in Krakow in the years 1976–2022. In total, in 2004, 103 women and 122 men took part in the study, and in 2022–47 women and 67 men. Of these participants, 37 women and ..read more
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Individual and school correlates of body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness in primary school children from the REACT project: A multivariate multilevel analysis
Wiley Online Library » American Journal of Human Biology
by Sara Pereira, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Fernando Garbeloto, Jean‐Philippe Chaput, Donald Hedeker, Tiago V. Barreira, Renata Borges, Rui Garganta, Carla Santos, Cláudio Farias, David F. Stodden, Go Tani, José Maia
2w ago
Abstract Objective This paper examines the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) using a multivariate multilevel approach and investigates the links between individual and school-related correlates with children's BMI and CRF. Methods This cross-sectional sample included 1014 children (6–10 years) from 25 Portuguese primary schools. BMI was calculated, and CRF was assessed with the PACER test. Fundamental movement skills (FMS) included five object control tasks. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sleep, and sedentary time were assessed with ..read more
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