Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. BackgroundRising rates of adolescent depression in the wake of COVID-19 and a youth mental health crisis highlight the urgent need for accessible mental healthcare and prevention within primary care. Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) may increase access for underserved populations. However, these interventions are not well studied in adolescents, nor healthcare settings. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to screening and recruitment activities for PATH 2 Purpose (P2P): Pri ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. BackgroundFew “intervention agnostic” strategies have been developed that can be applied to the broad array of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in schools. This paper describes two studies that reflect the initial iterative redesign phases of an effective leadership-focused implementation strategy—Leadership and Organizational Change for Implementation (LOCI)—to ensure its acceptability, feasibility, contextual appropriateness, and usability when used in elementary schools. Our redesigned strategy—Helping Educational ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. BackgroundAlthough studies have demonstrated that implementation leadership and climate are important constructs in predicting evidence-based practice (EBP) implementation, concrete descriptions of how they operate during organizational implementation efforts are lacking. This case study fills that gap through an in-depth description of an organization with effective implementation leadership that successfully built a strong implementation climate. This case study provides an illustration of implementation leadershi ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. BackgroundEvidence-based practices (EBPs) improve housing and health for persons who have experienced homelessness with serious mental illness (PEH-SMI) but are challenging to implement. We tested a strategy to support pilot implementation of a 12-session housing skills training intervention for PEH-SMI, tailored from effective social skills training interventions. We aimed to optimize the implementation strategy and intervention prior to an implementation trial.MethodWe provided training and technical assistance to ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. BackgroundAs the opioid crisis continues to affect communities across the United States, new interventions for screening and prevention are needed to mitigate its impact. Mental health diagnoses have been identified as a risk factor for opioid misuse, and surgical populations and injury survivors are at high risk for prolonged opioid use and misuse. This study investigated the implementation of a novel opioid risk screening tool that incorporated putative risk factors from a recent study in four trauma units across ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. BackgroundSustaining healthcare interventions once they have been implemented is a pivotal public health endeavor. Achieving sustainability requires context-sensitive adaptations to evidence-based practices (EBPs) or the implementation strategies used to ensure their adoption. For replicability of adaptations beyond the specific setting in question, the underlying logic needs to be clearly described, and adaptations themselves need to be plainly documented. The goal of this project was to describe the process by whi ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. BackgroundSchool leaders play an integral role in the use of implementation strategies, which in turn support special education teachers in the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs). In this convergent mixed methods study, we explored school leaders’ perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to EBP implementation, particularly for students receiving special education, as well as the importance and feasibility of 15 implementation strategies.MethodSchool leaders (N  =  22, principals, assistant princip ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. IntroductionA mental health provider's perception of how well an intervention can be carried out in their context (i.e., feasibility) is an important implementation outcome. This article aims to identify determinants of feasibility of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) through a case-based causal approach.MethodData come from an implementation-effectiveness study in which lay counselors (teachers and community health volunteers) implemented a culturally adapted manualized mental health intervention ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 5, Issue , January-December 2024. BackgroundPolice and mental health co-responder programs operate internationally and can be effective in providing timely and appropriate assessment, brief intervention, and referral services for people experiencing mental health crises. However, these models vary greatly, and little is known about how the design and implementation of these programs impacts their effectiveness.MethodThis study was a qualitative, post hoc implementation determinant evaluation of mental health co-responder units in Brisbane, Australia ..read more

Implementation Research and Practice, Volume 4, Issue , January-December 2023. BackgroundEfforts to maximize the impact of healthcare improvement interventions are hampered when intervention components are not well defined or described, precluding the ability to understand how and why interventions are expected to work.MethodWe partnered with two organizations delivering province-wide quality improvement interventions to establish how they envisaged their interventions lead to change (their underlying causal assumptions) and to identify active ingredients (behavior change techniques [BCTs]). T ..read more