Outburst floods can affect the survival adaptability of fish. Although the survival adaptability of many fish species under low steady-flow conditions has been studied, research on the survival adaptability of fish species under large outburst flood conditions is lacking. This paper takes the 2018 Baige landslide dam as an example. A breach model was developed to calculate the outburst discharge of the landslide dam. The outburst flood hydrograph is simulated with the breach model, which shows that the difference between the peak discharge of the dam break simulation results and the measured d ..read more

The H shale gas block in the Yangtze plate of China has undergone multistage tectonic evolution, which has resulted in the development of faults and natural fractures that are multistage, multi-scale, multi-type, and multi-strike in nature. To precisely characterize the natural fractures, this study used the seismic attribute analysis method to conduct a multi-scale prediction and natural fracture modelling. Initially, manual fault interpretation and the conventional seismic attributes including variance attribute, curvature and edge detection are used to interpret large-to medium-scale faults ..read more

The early Cambrian period is a critical time in Earth’s history, marked by the second oxygenation of the atmosphere (known as the Neoproterozoic Oxidation Event) and the rapid evolution of animals, as well as the worldwide large-scale deposits. Polymetallic Ni-Mo deposits have been previously reported in the black rocks at the base of the Cambrian strata on the Yangtze Block, South China, while their genesis is still controversial, and their global occurrences are uncertain. Therefore, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of trace elements and rare earth elements in the black rocks at the base ..read more

Long-term stability of the protective coal pillars in coal mines can ensure normal and safe use of roadways; in turn, the integrity of the roadway plays an important role in safe and efficient mining in coal mines. The initial damage and rheological damage caused by coal-seam excavation disturbance have important influences on the selection of reasonable widths of the protective coal pillars. Based on damage mechanics and the theory of elastic foundation beams, a coupled damage constitutive relationship of rock-like materials is proposed in this work by considering the influence of threshold a ..read more

Deep faults significantly impact the structural stabilities and deformation behaviors of their overburden rocks, which are key factors in underground engineering and geological hazard research. Considering the problem of deep-fault-overburdened breaking during mining of super-thick coal seams and taking the Yaoqiao Coal Mine as the research object, the mining fracture evolution characteristics and overburden displacement law of the non-structured and fault-bearing overburden corresponding to fully mechanized caving mining are compared and analyzed using numerical simulations and physical simil ..read more

This study aims to quantify rare earth element enrichment within coal and coal-adjacent strata in the Uinta Region of central Utah and western Colorado. Rare earth elements are a subset of critical minerals as defined by the U.S. Geological Survey. These elements are used for a wide variety of applications, including renewable energy technology in the transition toward carbon-neutral energy. While rare earth element enrichment has been associated with Appalachian coals, there has been a more limited evaluation of western U.S. coals. Here, samples from six active mines, four idle/historical min ..read more

Only a few palaeo-records extend beyond the Holocene in Yakutia, eastern Siberia, since most of the lakes in the region are of Holocene thermokarst origin. Thus, we have a poor understanding of the long-term interactions between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and their response to climate change. The Lake Khamra region in southwestern Yakutia is of particular interest because it is in the transition zones from discontinuous to sporadic permafrost and from summergreen to evergreen boreal forests. Our multiproxy study of Lake Khamra sediments reaching back to the Last Glacial Maximum 21 cal ..read more

On 15 January 2022, a massive underwater volcano erupted in the Tonga region, releasing a significant amount of volcanic ash and gases into the atmosphere. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) estimated the seismic source to have a surface wave magnitude (Ms) of 5.8. This eruption was observed from space, and the resulting atmospheric shockwave swept across the Pacific Ocean. Reports from various locations worldwide indicated rapid fluctuations in air pressure following this event. Taiwan, situated in the western Pacific, approximately 8,500 km from the eruption source, observed signific ..read more

This paper proposes a novel deep learning model incorporating attention mechanisms for the analysis of slope stochastic fields. Initially, a deep learning model is designed to digitally image the stochastic field features of soil strength variability. This is achieved by discretizing the slope soil stochastic field using the Karhunen-Loeve expansion method and transforming the discrete results into digital images. These images are then used to establish a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) surrogate model that maps the implicit relationship between stochastic field images and slope functional ..read more

Introduction: The research concerns how making cut cavities improves drilling and blasting operations as well as the optimum parameters to arrange both snubber and auxiliary blastholes.Methods: The research methods include experimental and industrial activities to identify the optimum depth of the first-section snubber blastholes relative to the second-section blastholes. It also identifies optimum parameters of the snubber blastholes while driving mine workings and ore breaking in stopes with different mine working sections and different rock mass strengths broken using the technique of cut-c ..read more