Article II of the Outer Space Treaty states that outer space cannot be nationally appropriated, and this restriction applies to the Moon and all other celestial bodies. However, in 2015, the United States of America, a party to the Treaty, passed the U.S. Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act, where Chapter 513 of the Act states that United States citizens engaged in commercial space activities are entitled to asteroid and space resources obtained by them, and may possess, own, transport, use and sell the same. It further states that this must be done in accordance with the international ..read more

In 1950, the development and launch of spacecraft such as satellites provided countries with a hitherto inaccessible space for exploring military domains. Ever since then there has been a race amongst the developed countries for exploration. In their quest to attain superiority in space, developed countries have already placed numerous satellites in space for military development; and at the same time have also developed anti-satellite capabilities (“ASAT”) to destroy satellites. In fact, some senior military leaders in the US consider space as the ultimate high military ground. The Outer Spac ..read more

An Enquiry into the Artemis Mission  With the vision to collectively revolutionise space exploration, on 13th October 2020, eight space-active nations (the US, Australia, Canada, Japan, Luxembourg, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United Arab Emirates) duly signed the Artemis Accords and became the founding international partners for NASA’s Artemis Mission. The mission aims to land humans on the moon by 2024 and establish a crewed lunar base by 2030 via the Artemis Lunar Exploration Program. Abbreviated for “Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of Moon’s Interactio ..read more