INTRODUCTION: The importance of functional right ventricular failure and resultant splanchnic venous congestion has long been under-appreciated and is difficult to assess by traditional physical examination and standard diagnostic imaging. The recent development of the venous excess ultrasound score (VExUS) and growth of point-of-care ultrasound in the last decade has made for a potentially very useful clinical tool. The venous side of the circulation has long played second fiddle to the arterial side, who has enjoyed much of the medical fanfare both in acute and chronic disease. Of course, wh ..read more

DR APARNA JAYARAJ MD., PDFNB Senior Registrar, Ganga Hospital Coimbatore ..read more

Dr.VENKATESWARAN.G SENIOR CONSULTANT ANAESTHESIOLOGIST, GANGA HOSPITAL, COIMBATORE. TAMILNADU ..read more

Dr.Maheshwari S Kumar MBBS, DA , DNB ( Anaesthesia) Consultant Anaesthesiologist Ganga Hospital Coimbatore, India ..read more

DR S.P. VINOTH KUMAR CONSULTANT ANAESTHESIOLOGIST, GANGA MEDICAL CENTRE & HOSPITALS PVT LTD, COIMBATORE ..read more

DR.SRINIVASAN RAJAN ASST PROFESSOR, KAPV GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE, TRICHY ..read more

INTRODUCTION: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a prophylactic operation. It is performed in patients who are at risk of stroke from emboli arising from atheromatous plaque at the carotid bifurcation. The indications for CEA in various circumstances were recently reviewed by the American Academy of Neurology. There are two groups of patients to consider: symptomatic patients who have active plaque giving rise to emboli that enter the cerebral circulation and cause transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) and reversible ischaemic neurological deficits, and asymptomatic patients who have demonstrable di ..read more

Dr Vipin Kumar Goel Consultant Anaesthesiologist, Ganga Hospital, Coimbatore ..read more

1. Why does pregnancy aggravate the symptoms of mitral stenosis? Women with severe mitral stenosis often do not tolerate the cardiovascular demands of pregnancy because 1. Increase in blood volume by 30–50% starting at end of 1st trimester to peak at 20–24 weeks. This increases pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure thereby increasing risk of pulmonary edema. 2. Decrease in systemic vascular resistance. (In MS, SVR should be maintained) 3. Increase in heart rate by 10–20 beats/min—reduces diastolic filling time of LV. 4. Cardiac output increases by 30–50% after the fifth month. CO returns to ..read more

DR. RAMYA GNANASEKAR ASST. PROFESSOR, Dept of Anaesthesiology, Kanyakumari Govt Medical College, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu ..read more