Background: HIV is a major global public health issue, having claimed 38 million lives so far. HIV infection in health care facilities has become a major health problem, especially in resource- poor setting. Health care workers are at risk of many diseases in health setups. There is a small but definite occupational risk of HIV transmission to health care workers. Post exposure prophylaxis is recommended to prevent transmission of pathogens after potential exposure and further development of infection. If started soon after exposure PEP can reduce the risk of HIV infection by over 80%. Althoug ..read more

Zoonotic diseases, both newly emerging and re-emerging, are major causes of morbidity and mortality across all demographic groups. Globally, about one billion people are affected with zoonotic infections annually. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), is a notable emerging zoonotic respiratory disease that was initially reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Afterwards, instances were recorded from 27 nations, resulting in 2,609 infections and 939 deaths overall as of February 2024, with the majority of cases coming from Saudi Arabia. As the only known ..read more

Antibody immune response play key role in the naturally acquired immunity to malaria. However, due to the complex life cycle and Plasmodium antigen diversity, there still is a need to search for protective antigens. We have used multiplex protein microarrays of 92 novel Plasmodium. falciparum alpha-helical coiled coil protein motifs to screen plasma samples obtained from children and adults belonging to three sympatric ethnic groups from malaria endemic area in Burkina Faso. Samples collected during a cross- sectional survey allowed to draw the IgG antibody response profile related to concurre ..read more

Introduction: Many patients having HIV present to the health care system with advanced HIV disease. Patients with advanced HIV disease have CD4 cell count of less than 200cells/mm3 or WHO stage III or IV clinical events. The primary culprits responsible for severe morbidity and mortality are tuberculosis, severe bacterial infections and cryptococcal meningitis. Methods: A retrospective multi-centered facility based cross-sectional study was conducted among newly diagnosed HIV patients whose age was ≥ 15 years over a period of one year (October 2023-January 2024). The prevalence of advanced HIV ..read more

Background: Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV infection into a chronic disease. However, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). This study assessed the prevalence and predictors of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) among PLWH in Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study involving 156 PLWH was conducted. Medical records were reviewed, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, clinical characteristics, medications, and echocardiograph ..read more

Antibacterial resistance is a serious global health problem in human beings. Emergence and increase in number of drug resistant and multidrug resistant microorganisms is at an alarming rate. Thus, there is a pressing need for the development of novel antibacterial drugs with promising activity, which can potentially address this resistance. Schiff bases with 5-bromosalicylidene-aniline (BA), 5-bromosalicylidene-4-nitroaniline (BN) and their cobalt (II) complexes had been synthesized but there antibacterial activity has not been done. In this work, the antibacterial activity of 5-bromosalicylid ..read more

Emergence and re-emergence of viral zoonoses pose a serious threat to human and animal health. Hantaviruses are enveloped negative (-) single-stranded RNA viruses that belong to Hantaviridae family, which are transmitted to humans through inhalation and are harbored by small rodents. Humans can develop two clinical syndromes as a result of hantavirus infection: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), which are caused by Old World and New World hantaviruses, respectively. Infections with the hantavirus are rather common in peoples in parts o ..read more

Introduction: Tetanus is a real public health problem in the tropics and in the Congo, with high morbidity and mortality despite the existence of an effective, well-tolerated vaccine. Objective: to contribute to the improvement of tetanus management at Brazzaville University Hospital. Patients and method: cross-sectional, descriptive study of tetanus cases admitted to the infectious diseases department between January 1, 2018 and August 31, 2023, i.e. 5 years and 8 months. Patients aged at least 1 year and meeting the selection criteria were included. Results: Out of 561 admissions, there were ..read more

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is among several Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viruses that can infect humans. HPV is a tumorigenic virus associated with carcinoma of the cervix in females. Additionally, HPV was found to be involved in the development of oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers. Cervical cancer is the second most predominant cancer resulting in death among women worldwide. Despite the availability of an approved vaccine, there is little awareness about the vaccine that could be administered to prevent HPV-associated cancers. HPV has been causing trouble in the lives of millions of women ..read more

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) are accused of high prevalence and ability to cause outbreaks in healthcare settings. The current work aimed to analyze one of the major K. pneumonia and A. baumannii outbreaks at a secondary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia including the identification of patients’ infectivity and mortality risk factors, antibiotic susceptibility test results of the bacterial isolates, and infection control measures employed to halt the outbreak. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted f ..read more