Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. In the 1990s, tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitor therapy ushered in the biologic therapy era for inflammatory bowel disease, leading to marked improvements in treatment options and patient outcomes. There are currently four tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors approved as treatments for ulcerative colitis and/or Crohn’s disease: infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab and certolizumab pegol. Despite the clear benefits of tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors, a subset of patients with inflammatory bowel disease either d ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. Introduction:Whether the incidence of reflux esophagitis (RE) increases after the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is controversial. Few reports have evaluated the presence or absence of RE after a long period of time, taking into account the degree of atrophy and/or administration of acid secretion inhibitors. We investigated the relationship between H. pylori and RE taking into account these factors.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study with approval by the Ethics Committee. Patients who ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. VIPoma, a neuroendocrine tumour mostly occurring in the human pancreas and producing high levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide, is a rare disease that presents with a wide spectrum of symptoms, including intense diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, and cardiac complications, with life-threatening consequences. In most cases, metastatic lesions are present at VIPoma diagnosis. Treatment options include symptomatic therapy, chemotherapy, radiation and surgery. Due to its low incidence, there are no evidence-based therapy ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. Introduction:Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Outcome prediction based on early treatment response, along with clinical and laboratory variables, would be very useful for clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine early variables predictive of responder status in patients with UC treated with tofacitinib.Methods:Data were collected from patients treated with tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily in the OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 stu ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. Background:The anti-α4β7 integrin antibody vedolizumab is an established therapeutic option for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It has also been successfully used in patients with chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis following proctocolectomey with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. However, the expression and function of gut-homing markers as well as strategies to predict the response to vedolizumab in pouchitis are understudied so far.Methods:We used flow cytometry and dynamic adhesion assays ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. Background:A recently registered device containing 80 mg of adalimumab (ADA) allows an alternative dose escalation regimen with ADA 80 mg every other week (EOW) given as a single subcutaneous injection instead of 40 mg every week. The ADASCAL study evaluated the preferences and satisfaction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients after switching their ADA regimen from 40 mg weekly to 80 mg EOW given with a single-dose pen.Methods:In this multicentre cross-sectional study, patients in whom the ADA regimen w ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. Background:Insulinoma is the most common neuroendocrine neoplasm of the pancreas, characterised by hypoglycaemic symptoms. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) and ethanol ablation (EUS-EA) are novel methods for treating insulinoma.We aimed to perform a systematic review to assess the efficacy and safety of EUS-guided ablation techniques for pancreatic insulinomas.Methods:We systematically searched for articles detailing EUS-guided ablations of insulinomas. We performed a qualitative a ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. Introduction:The use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) may be associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (GC).Objective:To review and meta-analyse available literature investigating the association between PPI use and GC risk.Methods:Two independent reviewers systematically searched Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (inception to July 2020) for case-control and cohort studies assessing the association between PPI use and GC according to a predefined protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42018102536). Reviewe ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. Background and Aims:Skin eruptions are prevalent among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), often associated with therapies and frequently leading to dermatological consults and treatment interruptions. We aimed to assess the impact of joint shared decision-making in a multidisciplinary (MDT) IBD-DERMA clinic.Methods:This retrospective cohort study assessed a consecutive group of patients with IBD who were referred for consultation in an MDT clinic at a tertiary referral center in Israel.Results:Ove ..read more

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Volume 14, Issue , January-December 2021. Background:Colonic neuroendocrine carcinomas (co-NECs) are heterogeneous and aggressive, especially with regard to metastasis. Whether co-NECs on the right and left sides of the colon have different characteristics from colon adenocarcinoma is unknown.Methods:The co-NEC patients were selected from the 2010–2017 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database. The right and left sides of the colon were separated by the splenic flexure. Coarsened exact matching (CEM) was performed to adjust fo ..read more