The lesional skin of AD patients releases increased amounts of RNase inhibitor (RI). Host RI binds to RNase7 and blocks its ribonuclease and antimicrobial activity. This inactivation has an enhancing effect on the RNA-mediated pro-inflammatory response and Staphylococcus aureus growth. These new data reveal a previously unknown role of the RNase7–RI interaction in AD. Abstract Background The antimicrobial ribonuclease RNase 7 is abundantly expressed in the epidermis of lesional skin of atopic dermatitis (AD). Host RNase inhibitor (RI) binds to RNase 7 and blocks its ribonuclease activity. Th ..read more

Patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) have higher numbers of CD117+ CD34+FcεRI+ progenitors in peripheral blood. Higher numbers of CD117+CD34+FcεRI+ progenitors are associated with a more rapid response to anti-immunoglobulin E therapy in CSU patients. Single-cell RNA sequencing shows the CD117+CD34+ cells contain mast cell precursors but also related immature FcεRI− and FcεRI+ progenitors. Abstract Background Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common, debilitating skin disorder characterized by recurring episodes of raised, itchy and sometimes painful wheals lasting longer ..read more

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Abstract The efficacy and safety of preventive allergen immunotherapy (pAIT) in children are currently under investigation. Here, we provide an overview of pAIT with respiratory allergens concerning the prevention of new sensitizations, allergic disease onset and progression as well as further immunomodulatory effects. Three databases were searched for clinical pAIT studies in children. Selected publications were reviewed for preventive outcomes according to prevention level (primary, secondary, and tertiary), allergen type, administration route, dose, and treatment duration. The primary preve ..read more

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We compared the efficacy of two nonpharmacological nasal sprays (AM-301 and saline) in reducing symptoms of allergic rhinitis in a randomized, controlled clinical trial. A statistically significantly larger reduction in average rTNSS, iTNSS, and RQLQ scores was observed in patients treated with AM-301 compared to saline-treated patients. Tolerability of AM-301 was comparable to the one of saline. Abstract Rationale Saline nasal sprays are frequently used in the management of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) for the cleansing and clearing of aeroallergens from the nasal cavity. Also using a d ..read more

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EVs isolated from the upper and lower airways of N-ERD patients display altered miRNA profiles compared to healthy controls. Small RNA sequencing reveals upregulation of let-7 miRNAs and downregulation of miR-155 in N-ERD sputum EVs. Let-7 family miRNAs promote macrophage M2 activation, while limiting EV-triggered cytokine responses, thus implicating aberrant EV miRNA profiles in N-ERD pathogenesis. Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma, however, how EVs contribute to immune dysfunction and type 2 airway inflammation remains incom ..read more