It is derived from steroid nucleus. Planner structure. Form of sterol  (a) Cholesterol (b)Ergasterol (c) stigma sterol (d) sitosterol (a) cholesterol.   Found in                      Plasma membrain of animal cell                      Plasma membrain of pplo (b)Ergasterol. Found in                      Plasma membrain of fungi (c)stigmasterol Found in           ..read more

Generalized meaning virus like Parasite ( obligate) Non cellular organism Only nucleic acid present RNA nature non coding Catalytic (ribozyme) Replication method rolling circle method Enzyme-    (a)RNA polymerase ll in nucleus     (b)NuclearencodeRNApolymerase in chloroplast        9.      Host-       Plant cell          Eg. -       1. Potato spindle tuber                           2.  Cadang cadang ..read more

?  Monothecous anther present in= malvaceae family  Monothecus anther means anther which have one lobe and two pollen chamber. Eg. Hibiscus rosa sinensis ( China rose ..read more

?INTRODUCTION Morphology is the branch of biology which deals with the study of form, structure and relative position of different organs. Flowering plants (or angiosperms) are seed bearing plants in which seeds are always enclosed in an ovary inside the fruits and the sporophylls are organized into flowers. These plants have been classified into monocots and dicots. Plant morphology refers to the study of external form and structure of plants. The flowering plants consist of an axis, root system and shoot system. Shoot system lies above the ground and the root system lies below th ..read more

  ANGIOSPERMS Angiosperms are flowering plants in which pollen grains and ovules are developed in specialised structures called flowers. In angiosperms, the seeds are enclosed by fruits. They provide us with food, fodder, fuel, medicines and several other commercially important products. The male sex organs in a flower is the stamen. Each stamen consists of a slender filament with an anther at the tip. The anthers, following meiosis, produce pollen grains. The female sex organs in a flower is the pistil or the carpel. Pistil consists of an ovary enclosing one to many ovules. Wit ..read more

Abscisic acid(ABA)  It is a plant hormone. It is a growth inhibitor hormone. It is antagonism with gibberellin. It is an isoprenoid plant hormone. Discovery  In1963 ABA was first identified and caracterized by  Frederick addicott. Occurance In terminal bud In root Function It reduced abscission. It promote seed dormancy. It incresed female flower. It delay the flowering in short day palnt. It induced senescence. It help in closing of stomata ..read more

Discovery -   A japanese botanist Kurosawa discovered gibberellin. Occurance - In root apex, shoot apex and leaf. Function  .  Responsible for cell elongation. .It is also called masculine hormone. .It convert rossete condition in bolting. ...It induced parthenogenesis ..read more

Cytokinin discovery is done by C. miller and skoog  The name Kinin is given  by F. skoog Cytokinin zeatin obtained from maize Cytokinin term is given by scientist leatham cytokinin is derivative of purine Function of cytokinin Induce cytokinesis Responsible for shoot formation Responsible for lateral root formation Inhibit apical dominance Delay flowering in long day plant Antisenencense hormone ..read more

Auxin name given by------- went The credit for the discovery of auxin goes to ------F.W.went(frits warmolt went)    AuxinA(auxanolonic acid) is separate by urine of patient of pallagra by the scientist haegen and Smith Auxin B is separated by corn oil Type of auxin Natural auxin example:     IAA , indole 3 acetaldehyde, indole 3 pyruvic acid, indole 3 ethanol Synthetic auxin  example:     IBA,indole 3 butyric acid naphthalene acetic acid, naphthalene acetoacetamide, 2 4 D ,245 TT, malic hydrazide. Function of auxin Apical dominanc ..read more

INTRODUCTION Plant hormones are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentratio. TYPE OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR PLANT GROWTH PROMOTERS– They promote cell division, cell enlargement, flowering, fruiting and seed formation. Examples are auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins. PLANT GROWTH INHIBITORS – These chemicals inhibit growth and promote dormancy and abscission in plants. An example is an abscisic  ..read more