Courses after 12th Science B. E. (Bachelor of Engineering) / B.Tech (B.  Technology)  B.Arch (B. Architecture)  B.F. list of UG engineering courses B. Ed.  Bachelor of Science  B.Sc. (Hons.) Physics  B.Sc. (Hons.) Chemistry B. Sc. (Hons.) Biology B. Sc. (Hons.) Zoology B. Sc. (Hons.) Botany B. Sc. Microbiology B. Sc. Biochemistry B.Sc. (Hons.) Mathematics B. Sc. Psychology B. Sc. Nutrition and dietetics B. Sc. Information Technology B. Sc. Food Science and Technology Bachelor in Physiotherapy B. Sc. Anthropology MBBS B.Pharma BCA Basic Nursing C ..read more

Class 12th  1- Reproduction in Lower and Higher Plants Reproduction:" It the production of young one like parent's, it is an essential process which leads to continuation of species. Reproduction has two categories. 1) Asexual reproduction & 2) Sexual reproduction    1) Asexual reproduction: It occurs without fusion of two gamets or sex cells. This produces genetically identical progeny. They also identical in morphologicaly. Morphological and genetically identical individuals are called clone. It occurs by different modes or way like fragmentation, budding, spore formation ..read more

 Class 12 9-COORDINATION COMPOUNDS Introduction; A coordination compound consists of central metal atom or ion surrounded by atoms or molecules. Eg. A chemotherapy drug, cis-platin, Pt(NH3)2Cl2, is a coordination compound in which the central platinum metal ion is surrounded by two ammonia molecules and two chloride ions   The species surrounding the central metal atom or ion are called ligands. The ligands are linked directly to central metal ion through coordinate bonds.   when ligands donate pair of electrons /shared electron pair then coordinate bond is formed & represe ..read more

  Courses after 12th Science B. E. (Bachelor of Engineering) / B.Tech (B.  Technology)  B.Arch (B. Architecture)  B.F. Tech Bachelor of Science  B.Sc. (Hons.) Physics  B.Sc. (Hons.) Chemistry B.Sc. (Hons.) Mathematics B. Sc. (Hons.) Zoology B. Sc. (Hons.) Botany B. Sc. (Hons.) Biology B. Sc. Microbiology B. Sc. Biochemistry B. Sc. Psychology B. Sc. Nutrition and dietetics B. Sc. Information Technology B. Sc. Food Science and Technology Bachelor in Physiotherapy B. Sc. Anthropology MBBS B.Pharma BCA Basic Nursing Course Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) Bache ..read more

Class 12th  1- Reproduction in Lower and Higher Plants Reproduction:" It the production of young one like parent's, it is an essential process which leads to continuation of species. Reproduction has two categories. 1) Asexual reproduction & 2) Sexual reproduction  1) Asexual reproduction: It occurs without fusion of two gamets or sex cells. This produces genetically identical progeny. They also identical in morphologicaly. Morphological and genetically identical individuals are called clone. It occurs by different modes or way like fragmentation, budding, spore formation, vegeta ..read more

 Class 12 9-COORDINATION COMPOUNDS Introduction; A coordination compound consists of central metal atom or ion surrounded by atoms or molecules. Eg. A chemotherapy drug, cis-platin, Pt(NH3)2Cl2, is a coordination compound in which the central platinum metal ion is surrounded by two ammonia molecules and two chloride ions   The species surrounding the central metal atom or ion are called ligands. The ligands are linked directly to central metal ion through coordinate bonds.   when ligands donate pair of electrons /shared electron pair then coordinate bond is formed & represe ..read more

 Class 12 12. ALDEHYDES, KETONES AND CARBOXYLIC ACIDS Introduction Aldehydes & Ketones: •Compounds containing carbonyl group. Classification of aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids : Aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids are classified as per the nature of carbon skeleton bonded to (>C=O ).       Aldehydes are classified as aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. 1) Aliphatic aldehydes: The compounds in which the –CHO group (formyl group) is attached directly to sp3 hybridized C-atom that is saturated C-atom are called aliphatic aldehydes. Exception: Formaldehyde ..read more

 Class 12th 14-  BIOMOLECULES Biomolecules: “Lifeless molecules combine in specific manner to produce life or control the biological reactions.” Biomolecules are classified as, Simple molecules: e.g. water, minerals, salts, vitamins, hormones etc. Macromolecules: E.g. Carbohydrates, protein, lipids (fats & oils), nucleic acids, enzymes etc. Carbohydrates: “Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehyde or polyhydroxy ketones”. OR “The compounds that can be hydrolysed to polyhydroxy aldehyde or polyhydroxy ketones.”     Carbohydrates like glucose, fructose ..read more

Class 12th 13- AMINES Amines are nitrogen containing organic compounds having basic character.Compounds like proteins, vitamins, hormones and many plant products like nicotine. Classification or Types of Amines : Primary (1°), secondary (2°) and tertiary (3°) amines.  Secondary and tertiary amines are further classified as simple / symmetrical amines and mixed / unsymmetrical amines.  Symmetrical amines : All the alkyl or aryl groups on nitrogen are same. Unsymmetrical amines : All the alkyl or aryl groups on nitrogen are different.  Other types of amines: Aliphatic and aromatic ..read more

 Class 11 13- Nuclear chemistry and radioactivity Introduction: Nuclear chemistry is a branch of physical chemistry:  It is the study of reactions involving changes in atomic nuclei that is nuclear reactions. Nuclear chemistry is introduced after the discovery of radioactivity by a physicist Antoine Henri Becquerel (1852-1908). •Astronomers study nuclear reactions taking place in stars. •In biology and medicine, the interactions of radiation emitted from nuclear reactions within the living system are important. •Examples of nuclear reactions are: Radioactive decay, artificial transm ..read more