Epigenetics in ART
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: Lidón Carretero Vilarroig & Belén Gómez Giménez  Epigenetics in ART “Epigenetics explains why different cells perform different tasks despite their same DNA content” Figure 1. Epigenetic landscape in gametes (1). INTRODUCTION ​ In vitro fertilisation (IVF) techniques have gained popularity over the years. Since the implantation of IVF techniques in 1978 more than 8 million babies have been born thanks to artificial reproductive technology (ART) worldwide (2). Nonetheless, there exists certain evidence that these techniques may induce long-term consequences on the hea ..read more
Visit website
Non-invasive PGT
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Non-invasive PGT Authors: Lidón Carretero Vilarroig & Sara Gómez García "​These are exciting and challenging times, and non-invasive PGT may be one step closer to becoming a reality" Figure 1. Biopsy of a human embryo. The holding pipette on the left abuts the zona pellucida of the embryo. The biopsy pipette on the right is inside the opening in the zona pellucida. One cell is inside the pipette (1). ​​INTRODUCTION The importance of aneuploidy screening in assisted reproduction has gained popularity since the introduction of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) at the beginnin ..read more
Visit website
Sperm cryopreservation techniques
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: María Caballero Sastre & Raquel Pillado González “Currently, performing any cryopreservation technique results in some degree of damage to the sperm.“ Figure 1. Solid Surface Vitrification (A) and slow cooling equipment (B) (1). THE HISTORY OF SPERM CRYOPRESERVATION Human semen cryopreservation has a long history that begins at the end of the nineteenth century. After prior observations on sperm surviving cooling at very low temperatures (-150º C) (2), Mantegazza (1866) first suggested the idea of human sperm banks (3). Years later, Mantegazza proved it was possible to ..read more
Visit website
Multinucleation in human embryos
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: Iris Martínez Rodero and Raquel Pillado González "Multinucleated blastomeres (MNBs) present in embryos are morphological abnormalities of unclear origin, which have been extensively correlated with chromosomal defects, lower blastocyst formation and implantation rates". Fig 1. (A) Embryo displaying multi-/micronucleation in both blastomeres; (B) Embryo with binucleation in one of the blastomeres. Arrows point to the position of multiple nuclei (1). INTRODUCTION Selection of high-quality embryos is an important factor for the successful outcome of assisted reproduction techn ..read more
Visit website
DNA damage as an effective indicator of sperm quality
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: María Caballero Sastre & Lidón Carretero Vilarroig “Due to the current lifestyle and habits, high production of ROS and oxidative stress are the most common mechanisms responsible for DNA damage” Fig 1. Example of two techniques to detect DNA fragmentation in a sperm sample. A) TUNEL assay: sperm in green indicate DNA fragmentation. B) Sperm Chromatin Dispersion test: the halo around both central sperm nuclei indicate non-fragmented DNA, while the absence of halo in the sperm in the upper right hand corner indicates DNA fragmentation (1). ​INTRODUCTION Male factor plays ..read more
Visit website
Sperm selection techniques for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: Iris Martínez Rodero and Raquel Pillado González "Selection of the best spermatozoon for ICSI is critical and it is directly linked to fertilization rates, optimal embryo development and implantation rates" Figure 1. Spermatozoa observed at low magnification (a) and high magnification (b–d). The shape and presence of vacuoles can be clearly observed in (c). A vacuole-free spermatozoon is shown in (d). INTRODUCTION ​ It is estimated that approximately 10% of couples seek help to overcome infertility problems. Data from the American Society of Reproductive Medicine points to ma ..read more
Visit website
Consequences of natural or artificial blastocyst collapse
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: Belén Gómez Giménez and Edel Rocher "The assessment of embryo development in vitro suggests that collapsing of the blastocoel might be indeed related to a certain degree of success" Figure 1. Artificial shrinkage of blastocoelic cavity in human expanded blastocysts by hyperosmotic sucrose solutions, before and after the treatment (1). One of the main factors related to embryo selection for transfer is the extension of embryo culture up to blastocyst stage. This approach has been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes after in vitro fertilization IVF (2). Consequent ..read more
Visit website
Fertilization and oocyte activation failure
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: María Caballero & Lidón Carretero Vilarroig   "The main cause for unsuccessful ICSI seems to be failure in oocyte activation mechanisms" Fig 1. Zona-free mouse oocytes prepared for IVF. Staining with Draq 5 for DNA (blue) and phalloidin-Alexa Fluor 488 for filamentous actin (green) has been performed. (A) An oocyte with two pronuclei (arrows) and a polar body (asterisk) is shown, meaning activation has already begun after fertilization. (B) A spermatozoon (arrow) is observed bound to the oocyte not having penetrated the cortical actin. The equatorial plate in the meiotic spin ..read more
Visit website
Blastocyst assessment: state of the art
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: Javier del Río, Belén Gómez-Giménez & Iris Martínez "The relationship between blastocyst morphology and implantation has been investigated mainly according to expansion, trophectoderm and inner cell mass" Figure 1. Human blastocysts (10). The main goal of in vitro fertilization (IVF) is the birth of a single healthy child. However, the consequences and the effects of assisted reproductive techniques on children’s short- and long-term health have always been a source of discussion. Although IVF techniques and protocols have dramatically improved, the overall success rate ..read more
Visit website
Culture media in IVF
Embryologist Media
by
4y ago
Authors: Iñaki Arroyos, María Caballero & Raquel Pillado "Up to date, clinical practice has proven that the use of in vitro culture for human embryos does not imply any major adverse consequences on the offspring" Figure 1. Mouse embryo culture from 2-cell stage to blastocyst using KSOM medium (1). ​ INTRODUCTION ​     - Why is it important to talk about IVF culture media?  Within the last 40 years, the improvement of assisted reproduction technologies (ART) has experienced rapid and great advances (2). This success is largely due to the important enhancement of the cult ..read more
Visit website

Follow Embryologist Media on FeedSpot

Continue with Google
Continue with Apple
OR