Patients hospitalized for cirrhosis who live in countries with lower incomes are at higher risk for death, according to study findings published in Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Treatments for cirrhosis are resource-intensive, costing $32.5 billion per year in the United States alone. Data on the effect of resource availability and utilization on patient outcomes are mostly limited to high-income countries (HICs). Researchers, therefore, aimed to determine the income- and resource-related predictors of death among patients hospitalized with cirrhosis through a consortium-based global ..read more

The American Heart Association (AHA) advises that clinicians follow a “5A model” when implementing obesity science into clinical practice, according to a scientific statement published in Circulation. More than 40% of adults in the United States (US) are living with obesity. Despite this high prevalence, major gaps between the science of obesity and its clinical implementation exist. Bridging the gaps between science and clinical practice requires a multitargeted approach involving clinicians, the community, and the health care system. Advancing knowledge about treatments for obesity begins in ..read more

A majority of tirzepatide slow responders achieve a clinically significant weight reduction by week 72, according to study findings presented at the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Annual Meeting 2024, held from May 9 to 11, 2024, in New Orleans, Louisiana.  When anti-obesity medication elicits less than 5% body weight loss after 12 weeks, some guidelines advocate discontinuing treatment. However, newer anti-obesity medications such as tirzepatide may require longer than 12 weeks to yield full weight-loss benefits due to differing dose titration schedules. To determine the ..read more

Use of melatonin supplements is not associated with risk for type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease (CVD) among middle-aged and older adults, according to results of a study published in The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology. In the United States, use of melatonin has increased from 0.4% to 2.1% among adults during the past 2 decades. Although data from several small studies have suggested that immediate-release melatonin supplementation impairs glucose tolerance, long-term data are sparse. To evaluate the long-term effects of melatonin supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes, researche ..read more

Ticagrelor reduces risk for adverse limb events among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerosis, according to study findings published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Investigators aimed to determine the effect of ticagrelor on limb events among patients with T2DM and atherosclerosis. A composite of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and cardiovascular death was the primary outcome. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) major bleeding was the primary safety outcome. The investigators conducted prespecified analyses using data from the THEMI ..read more

The Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) first-trimester pre-eclampsia screening test is effective for nulliparous women and predicts about two-thirds of preterm pre-eclampsia and three-quarters of early-onset pre-eclampsia, investigators reported in Hypertension. The multicenter prospective cohort study assessed the predictive value of the FMF first-trimester preterm pre-eclampsia algorithm in nulliparous women enrolled from 11 and 14 weeks of gestation and followed until delivery between 2014 and 2020. Maternal blood samples were centrifuged, and the serum was used for pregnancy-associated plasma ..read more

Adolescents with unmedicated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who meet sleep guidelines have a lower risk for overweight and obesity (OW/OB) than those with short sleep duration, according to study findings published in the Journal of Pediatric Psychology. Pediatric OW/OB has been established as a major public health issue, given its association with adverse long-term health outcomes. However, relatively little is known about the relationship between ADHD and OW/OB risk. To address this knowledge gap, investigators sought to characterize the association between ADHD and OW/OB st ..read more

Severe mental illness is associated with a higher risk for acute diabetes complications among individuals with diabetes, according to study results published in Diabetes Care. Previous research findings support links between acute diabetes complications, such as hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and alcohol and drug abuse and low levels of social support. Although individuals with severe mental illness are more prone these risk factors, few studies have assessed the relationship between severe mental illness and diabetes complications. Researchers conducted a cohort study to determ ..read more

Maternal obesity increases the risk for perinatal adverse effects especially among individuals with comorbid gestational diabetes, according to study findings in Obesity Reviews. Among neonatal infants born from patients with gestational diabetes and obesity, common issues include jaundice, increased birth weight, and fetal death. However, whether obesity and gestational diabetes are independent risk factors remains unclear. Researchers conducted a meta-analysis to assess differences in neonatal outcomes among birth parents with obesity and with or without gestational diabetes. Studies we ..read more

HealthDay News — Fezolinetant is safe and effective for moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS), according to a study presented at the annual European Congress of Endocrinology, hosted by the European Society of Endocrinology from May 11 to 14 in Stockholm. Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, M.D., Ph.D., from the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, and colleagues assessed early response to fezolinetant in terms of frequency and severity of moderate-to-severe VMS. The analysis included 453 women unsuitable for hormone therapy participating in the 24-week placebo-controlled DAYLIGHT study. The ..read more