Anesthesiology residency programs are essential for training the next generation of anesthesiologists and equipping them with the skills and knowledge necessary to provide safe and effective anesthesia care. Recent developments and news in anesthesiology residency programs highlight evolving trends, innovative training methods, and responses to current healthcare challenges. One of the most significant developments in anesthesiology residency programs is the incorporation of advanced technology into training. Simulation-based education has become a cornerstone of anesthesiology training, offer ..read more

Surgical prehabilitation, often shortened to “prehab,” is a proactive approach that prepares patients physically and psychologically for the stresses of surgery. This concept has gained traction in recent years, reflecting a broader understanding of the benefits of optimizing health before undergoing surgical procedures. Prehabilitation is designed to enhance a patient’s capacity to withstand surgery, thereby promoting faster recovery, reducing the likelihood of postoperative complications, and improving overall outcomes.  The core components of surgical prehabilitation typically include ..read more

Hysterectomy is one of the most common surgeries around the world and is indicated for both benign and malignant conditions. A simple hysterectomy typically involves removal of the uterus and cervix and is performed for benign reasons such as uterine fibroids, as well as for certain early-stage cervical and endometrial malignancies5. A radical hysterectomy entails excision of surrounding structures such as the parametrium, upper vagina, and bilateral pelvic lymph nodes4. Radical hysterectomy is typically performed for more advanced gynecological malignancies5. Due to the differences in complex ..read more

Health challenges vary significantly between countries due to differences in healthcare infrastructure, socioeconomic factors, lifestyle choices, and environmental influences. While some illnesses are prevalent globally, others are more prominent in specific regions or populations. Top[RJ1]  illnesses in the US differ from those presenting the largest problem globally, shedding light on the unique health burdens faced by the American population. In the US, chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality 1,2. Heart diseas ..read more

Endotracheal intubation is a procedure performed in various settings, including the OR, emergency departments, and critical care units. It may be necessary in situations where a patient is experiencing acute respiratory failure, inadequate oxygenation or ventilation, or has a compromised airway due to depressed mental status, including under anesthesia. Successful intubation requires careful patient assessment, preparation, and the use of appropriate equipment. Intubation may be performed via direct or video laryngoscopy, depending on the resources available. Laryngoscopy is a key component of ..read more

Currently, there are approximately 4.2 million adults in the United States who are visually impaired. Early diagnosis and treatment, including surgery, have the potential to reverse vision impairment, such as cataract extraction, or slow and reduce the progression of diseases such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy (1). Anesthesia providers who specialize in ophthalmic procedures are critical to ensuring that patients have a comfortable and safe surgical experience. There are several options for anesthesia during eye surgery, including local, regional, or general anesthesia. Regional anesthe ..read more

General anesthesia induces a state of unconsciousness, amnesia, and immobility via the suspension of neural activity, including physiological processes mediated by the spinal cord. Research on the mechanisms of anesthesia has been extensively conducted at both micro- and macro- levels. On the microscopic scale, it has been found that anesthetic agents work primarily on GABAA receptors, the brain’s main inhibitory receptor. However, NMDA receptors, which are pivotal in mediating excitatory neurotransmission, are also heavily affected, although they are mostly inhibited by inhalational anestheti ..read more

Older individuals contemplating surgery often express concerns regarding potential complications, returning home, and the anticipated improvement in their quality of life. Notably, the avoidance of new or worsening disability becomes a paramount consideration with advancing age. To better guide patients, clinicians must not only discuss surgical success rates but also apprise them of the likelihood of developing new or worsening disability after surgery. In a recent single-center analysis encompassing 2,176 patients aged 70 and older who received surgery, 12% of patients had passed away, 23% e ..read more

Over the past couple of decades, drug shortages have become a relatively common occurrence in clinical settings. According to an American Hospital Association (AHA) survey of community hospitals, nearly 50% of responding hospitals reported at least 21 drug shortages within the first 6 months of 2011, and more than 99% of hospitals reported at least 1 drug shortage within the same time period. Approximately 80% of drug shortages involve sterile injectable drugs, such as anesthetic agents and chemotherapy drugs (1). One of the most commonly used anesthetic agents is propofol, as it has many clin ..read more

In July 2020, remimazolam, a novel short-acting drug, was approved in the US for procedural sedation in adults (1). Like midazolam (a common anesthetic adjunct), remimazolam is a benzodiazepine and operates by modulating γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor activity to induce cell membrane hyperpolarization, thereby inhibiting neural activity via an increase in chloride ion influx (2). Its structural and metabolic properties have generated interest in whether, and in what situations, remimazolam is superior to other drugs for intravenous anesthesia and sedation.  Remimazolam was designed t ..read more