Legal Considerations in Orthopaedic Practice                                Dr. KS Dhillon Informed Consent Components  When obtaining an informed consent the patient must be provided with all the information needed to make an informed decision. The patient must be told of the diagnosis or medical problem for which treatment is recommended. The patient also has to be told who will be performing the surgery.  ..read more

    Total Knee Arthroplasty Axial Alignment                                  Dr. KS Dhillon Introduction Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) exhibits remarkable long-term implant durability and survival rates in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis (1,2).  Nonetheless, patient dissatisfaction following an uncomplicated primary TKA stands at an average rate of 10% (3,4). To tackle this phenomenon the focus now is on i ..read more

                Osteopetrosis                                 DR KS Dhillon Introduction The term osteopetrosis is derived from the Greek language. In the Greek language ‘osteo’ means bone, and ‘petrosis,’ means stone. Hence, the disease is colloquially often referred to as “marble bone disease.” The disease was originally described by Dr. Albers-Schonberg ..read more

       Ollier disease                                      Dr. KS Dhillon Introduction Enchondromas are common intraosseous, usually benign cartilaginous tumors. They develop close to the growth plate cartilage. When multiple enchondromas are present, the condition is called enchondromatosis. Enchondromatosis is also known as Ollier disease. The prevalence of Ollier disease is estimated ..read more

           Blount Disease                                     Dr. KS Dhillon Introduction Blount disease was first described by Walter Putnam Blount in 1937. Blount disease is also known as tibia vara. It is an acquired genu varus deformity in children. It is caused by disruption of the normal cartilage growth at the proximal medial metaphysis of the tibia. This disea ..read more

        Kohler's Disease                                       DR KS Dhillon Introduction Alban Kohler in 1908 first described Kohler disease. He referred to avascular necrosis of the navicular bone of the foot. Kohler disease is only seen in pediatric patients. The etiology is not fully understood. It is believed to be caused by the compression of the navicular bone prior to ..read more

                Adamantinoma                                     Dr. KS Dhillon Introduction Adamantinomas are rare primary low-grade malignant tumours of the appendicular skeleton. They contain variable epithelial and stromal (osteofibrous) components (1,2). There are several subtypes of adamantinomas. These include classic adamantinoma, osteof ..read more

         Plantar Fascitis                                 Dr KS Dhillon Introduction Degenerative irritation of the plantar fascia at its origin at the heel causes plantar fasciitis. The plantar fascia plays an important role in the foot biomechanics. It comprises of three segments that arise from the calcaneus. The fascia supports the foot arch and absorbs shock. Although the condition is called fasc ..read more

     Bunionette Deformity (Tailor's Bunion)                                   Dr. KS Dhillon Introduction Bunionette refers to a prominence on the lateral aspect of the fifth metatarsal head. It may or may not be symptomatic. Bunionettes have traditionally been referred to as “tailor’s bunion” since it is prevalent among tailors, who sit cross-legged all day with the lateral edge of their feet rubbing on ..read more

              Erysipelas                                   Dr. KS Dhillon Introduction Erysipelas is a skin infection that involves the dermis layer of the skin. It can also extend to the superficial cutaneous lymphatics. Erysipelas is characterized by an area of erythema which is well-demarcated and raised. It usually affects the lower extremities, with the face be ..read more