This study explored the therapeutic efficacy of Helianthemum lippii and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesized using a H. lippii extract to alleviate cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. Sub-acute toxicity assessments of H. lippii (100 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 4000 mg/kg) and Ag NPs (2 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) did not find any significant difference, compared with untreated control rats (n = 3 animals/group). Then, the adult Wistar rats were divided into one control (untreated/unexposed) and six experimental groups (n = 5/group): Ag NPs alone, H. lippii alone, exposure to 50 mg/kg CdCl2 ..read more

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune neurological disease characterized by the recurrent appearance of demyelinating lesions and progressive disability. Currently, there are multiple disease-modifying treatments, however, there is a significant need to develop new therapeutic targets, especially for the progressive forms of the disease. This review article provides an overview of the most recent studies aimed at understanding the inflammatory processes that are activated in response to the accumulation of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites, which exacerbate an imbalanc ..read more

Bone health is a critical aspect of overall well-being, and disorders such as osteoporosis pose significant challenges worldwide. East Asian Herbal Medicine (EAHM), with its rich history and holistic approach, offers promising avenues for enhancing bone regeneration. In this critical review article, we analyze the intricate mechanisms through which EAHM compounds modulate bone health. We explore the interplay between osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, dissect signaling pathways crucial for bone remodeling and highlight EAHM anti-inflammatory effects within the bone microenvironment. Addition ..read more

Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 17, Pages 977: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Effectiveness and Safety of Melatonin and Three Formulations of Floraworks Proprietary TruCBN™ for Improving Sleep Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph17080977 Authors: Antonija Kolobaric Jessica Saleska Susan J. Hewlings Corey Bryant Christopher S. Colwell Christopher R. D’Adamo Jeff Chen Emily K. Pauli The phytocannabinoid cannabinol (CBN) has a potential mechanism of action as an alternative sleep aid but there is minimal evidence to support its effectiveness. The aim of this randomi ..read more

Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 17, Pages 979: New Therapeutic Strategies in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Lipid Target, Phosphatidylserine, and Annexin A5—A Future Theranostic Pairing in Ophthalmology Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph17080979 Authors: Anna Frostegård Anders Haegerstrand Despite progress in the management of patients with retinal vascular and degenerative diseases, there is still an unmet clinical need for safe and effective therapeutic options with novel mechanisms of action. Recent mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of retinal diseases with a prominent vascular componen ..read more

Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 17, Pages 978: pH-Sensitive In Situ Gel of Mirtazapine Invasomes for Rectal Drug Delivery: Protruded Bioavailability and Anti-Depressant Efficacy Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph17080978 Authors: Essam M. Eissa Amani M. El Sisi Marina A. Bekhet Fatma I. Abo El-Ela Rasha M. Kharshoum Adel A. Ali Majed Alrobaian Ahmed M. Abdelhaleem Ali The present research emphasizes fabrication alongside the assessment of an innovative nano-vesicular membranous system known as invasomes (NVMs) laden with Mirtazapine for rectal administration. This system could circumvent the confines of or ..read more

Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 17, Pages 980: Differential Interactions of Flavonoids with the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor In Silico and Their Impact on Receptor Activity In Vitro Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph17080980 Authors: Monique Reis de Santana Ylanna Bonfim dos Santos Késsia Souza Santos Manoelito Coelho Santos Junior Mauricio Moraes Victor Gabriel dos Santos Ramos Ravena Pereira do Nascimento Silvia Lima Costa The molecular mechanisms underlying the observed anticancer effects of flavonoids remain unclear. Increasing evidence shows that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays a crucial role i ..read more

Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 17, Pages 981: Development of a Novel, Easy-to-Prepare, and Potentially Valuable Peptide Coupling Technology Utilizing Amide Acid as a Linker Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph17080981 Authors: Yaling Wang Fan Yang Hongyan Li The process of synthesizing radionuclide-coupled drugs, especially shutdown technology that links bipotent chelators with biomolecules, utilizes traditional coupling reactions, including emerging click chemistry; these reactions involve different drawbacks, such as complex and cumbersome reaction steps, long reaction times, and the use of catalysts at v ..read more

Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 17, Pages 975: High-Altitude Medicinal Plants as Promising Source of Phytochemical Antioxidants to Combat Lifestyle-Associated Oxidative Stress-Induced Disorders Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph17080975 Authors: Mohammad Vikas Ashraf Sajid Khan Surya Misri Kailash S. Gaira Sandeep Rawat Balwant Rawat M. A. Hannan Khan Ali Asghar Shah Mohd Asgher Shoeb Ahmad Oxidative stress, driven by reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur species (ROS, RNS, RSS), poses a significant threat to cellular integrity and human health. Generated during mitochondrial respiration, inflammation, UV ..read more

Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 17, Pages 973: A Review of Therapeutic Agents Given by Convection-Enhanced Delivery for Adult Glioblastoma Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph17080973 Authors: Nathaniel W. Rolfe Nicholas B. Dadario Peter Canoll Jeffrey N. Bruce Glioblastoma remains a devastating disease with a bleak prognosis despite continued research and numerous clinical trials. Convection-enhanced delivery offers researchers and clinicians a platform to bypass the blood–brain barrier and administer drugs directly to the brain parenchyma. While not without significant technological challenge ..read more